Rig Veda 4.1.2: Mandala 4, Sukta 1, Mantra 2
Sukta 4.1
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Agni as invoker; Varuṇa prominently invoked (Aditya, king of ṛta)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify in critical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
स भ्रातरं वरुणमग्न आ ववृत्स्व देवाँ अच्छा सुमती यज्ञवनसं ज्येष्ठं यज्ञवनसम् । ऋतावानमादित्यं चर्षणीधृतं राजानं चर्षणीधृतम् ॥
Transliteration
sá bhrā́taraṃ váruṇam agna ā́ vavṛtsva devā́n ácchā sumatī́ yajñá-vanasaṃ jyéṣṭhaṃ yajñá-vanasam | ṛtā́vānām ādityáṃ carṣaṇī-dhṛ́taṃ rā́jānaṃ carṣaṇī-dhṛ́tam ||
Translation
स भ्रातरं वरुणमग्न आ ववृत्स्व देवान् अच्छा सुमती यज्ञवनसं ज्येष्ठं यज्ञवनसम् । ऋतावानमादित्यं चर्षणीधृतं राजानं चर्षणीधृतम् ॥
Word by Word
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
भ्रातरम्brother
भ्रातरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
वरुणम्Varuṇa
वरुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootवरुण
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
(Sambodhana) संबोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootअग्नि
आtowards; hither
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
ववृत्स्वturn/come (hither)!; choose/bring (hither)!
ववृत्स्व:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√वृत् (वर्तने/वरणे) + आ
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
अच्छtowards
अच्छ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअच्छ (निपात/अव्यय)
सुमतीgood will; good thought/favour
सुमती:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun (abstract) / Adjective (as noun)
Rootसु- + मति
यज्ञवनसम्the sacrifice-winning (one)
यज्ञवनसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (as noun)
Rootयज्ञ-वनस् (बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-प्रातिपदिक)
ज्येष्ठम्the eldest; most eminent
ज्येष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ
यज्ञवनसम्the sacrifice-winning (one)
यज्ञवनसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (as noun)
Rootयज्ञ-वनस्
ऋतावानम्possessing ṛta (truth/cosmic order)
ऋतावानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (as noun)
Rootऋत-वान्
आदित्यम्Āditya (solar deity-class; here Varuṇa)
आदित्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (proper/class)
Rootआदित्य
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
चर्षणीधृतम्supporter of the peoples/men
चर्षणीधृतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective (agent)
Rootचर्षणी-धृत् (धृ ‘धारणे’ से कृत्)
राजानम्king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
चर्षणीधृतम्supporter of the peoples/men
चर्षणीधृतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective (agent)
Rootचर्षणी-धृत्
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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