Rig Veda Sukta 149
Mandala 10Sukta 1495 Mantras

Sukta 149

Sukta 10.149

Devata

Savitṛ

सवितुः (देवस्य प्रेरकस्य) विषये एषः संक्षिप्तः सूक्तः तस्य विश्वव्यापिनीं “योजनाशक्तिं” स्तौति, यया पृथिवी द्यौश्च स्वस्वस्थाने व्यवस्थिते भवतः, अन्तरिक्षं च समुद्रश्च अजेयेन नियमेन मर्यादितौ तिष्ठतः। अनन्तरं धर्मानुसारं चरन्तं सवितुः पक्षिरूपं ध्वजचिह्नं गरुत्मन्तं परामृशति। अन्ते कविः जागरूकया भक्त्या सवितुः प्रेरणां प्रतीक्षते—यथा सोमस्य दीप्तं रश्मिं पश्यन् प्रतीक्षते।

Recitation with translationRig Veda 10.149

Mantras

Mantra 1

सविता यन्त्रैः पृथिवीमरम्णादस्कम्भने सविता द्यामदृंहत् । अश्वमिवाधुक्षद्धुनिमन्तरिक्षमतूर्ते बद्धं सविता समुद्रम् ॥

सविता यन्त्रैः पृथिवीम् अरम्णाद्; अस्कम्भने सविता द्याम् अदृंहत्। अश्वमिवाधुक्षद् धुनिम् अन्तरिक्षम्; अतूर्ते बद्धं सविता समुद्रम्—ऋतस्य क्रमं प्रतिष्ठापयन्।

Mantra 2

यत्रा समुद्रः स्कभितो व्यौनदपां नपात्सविता तस्य वेद । अतो भूरत आ उत्थितं रजोऽतो द्यावापृथिवी अप्रथेताम् ॥

यत्र समुद्रः स्कभितो व्यौनद्—अपां नपात् सविता तस्य वेद। अतः भूर् अत आ उत्थितं रजः; अतः द्यावापृथिवी अप्रथेताम्—ऋतेन लोकाः प्रादुरभवन्।

Mantra 3

पश्चेदमन्यदभवद्यजत्रममर्त्यस्य भुवनस्य भूना । सुपर्णो अङ्ग सवितुर्गरुत्मान्पूर्वो जातः स उ अस्यानु धर्म ॥

पश्चेदम् अन्यद् अभवद् यजत्रम्, अमर्त्यस्य भुवनस्य भूना। सुपर्णोऽङ्ग सवितुर्गरुत्मान् पूर्वो जातः; स उ अस्यानु धर्म—सत्यस्य प्रेरणां वहन् पतति।

Mantra 4

गाव इव ग्रामं यूयुधिरिवाश्वान्वाश्रेव वत्सं सुमना दुहाना । पतिरिव जायामभि नो न्येतु धर्ता दिवः सविता विश्ववारः ॥

यथा गावो ग्रामं प्रति धावन्ति, यथा चाश्वा उत्सुकाः प्रसरन्ति, यथा च वत्सं प्रति सुमना धेनुः दुहाना स्तन्यं स्रवति—तथा दिवो धर्ता विश्ववारः सविता पतिरिव जायाम् अभि नः न्येतु, अस्मासु सम्यग्गतिं पूर्णतां च स्थापयतु।

Mantra 5

हिरण्यस्तूपः सवितर्यथा त्वाङ्गिरसो जुह्वे वाजे अस्मिन् । एवा त्वार्चन्नवसे वन्दमानः सोमस्येवांशुं प्रति जागराहम् ॥

हे हिरण्यस्तूप सवितः, यथा त्वाम् अङ्गिरसोऽस्मिन् वाजे जुह्वे आह्वयन्, एवमेवाहं त्वाम् अर्चन् अवसे वन्दमानः सोमस्येवांशुं प्रति जागराहम्, यावत्ते प्रेरणा अस्मासु प्रवर्तते।

Inside Sukta 149

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    Savitṛ’s ‘harnessing powers’ set Earth in right course and make Heaven firm—cosmic architecture established by divine impulsion.

  2. Development

    The hymn expands to the midspace and waters: the surging antarikṣa is ‘milked’ like a horse, and the ocean is bound within the unassailable order.

  3. Climax

    The appearance of Savitṛ’s Garutmān (fair-winged, law-moving) underscores that even swift cosmic forces move only according to dharma/ṛta.

  4. Where it settles

    The poet turns personal: like one watching for Soma’s ray, he remains wakeful in praise, seeking Savitṛ’s active help and inner activation.

The deity: Savitṛ

  • In the VedaSavitṛ is the golden, radiant Impeller who sets all beings in motion, establishes the measures of the worlds, and drives the rhythms of day, life, and sacrifice. He is praised as the power that ‘yokes’ (yantraiḥ) the cosmos into right course and activates the ordered law (dharma/ṛta) by which things move.
  • Cosmic functionHe initiates and regulates movement: fixing Earth and Heaven, stirring the midspace, and bounding the waters—thus maintaining cosmic order and the timely unfolding of creation.
  • Inner significanceSavitṛ signifies the awakening impulse of consciousness—the inner ‘prompting’ that turns inertia into right action, aligns the mind with truth-order (ṛta), and makes aspiration steady and luminous.

Famous verses

सविता यन्त्रैः पृथिवीमरम्णादस्कम्भने सविता द्यामदृंहत् । अश्वमिवाधुक्षद्धुनिमन्तरिक्षमतूर्ते बद्धं सविता समुद्रम् ॥
Verse 10.149.1Core cosmological statement: Savitṛ establishes Earth and Heaven, energizes midspace, and bounds the ocean—showing him as the regulator of cosmic order and rhythm.Read verse 10.149.1 →
पश्चेदमन्यदभवद्यजत्रममर्त्यस्य भुवनस्य भूना । सुपर्णो अङ्ग सवितुर्गरुत्मान्पूर्वो जातः स उ अस्यानु धर्म ॥
Verse 10.149.3Highlights dharma/ṛta as the governing law: Savitṛ’s Garutmān is ‘born first’ and moves according to that law, linking divine impulsion with truth-ordered motion.Read verse 10.149.3 →
हिरण्यस्तूपः सवितर्यथा त्वाङ्गिरसो जुह्वे वाजे अस्मिन् । एवा त्वार्चन्नवसे वन्दमानः सोमस्येवांशुं प्रति जागराहम् ॥
Verse 10.149.5Devotional culmination: the worshipper’s vigilant praise and waiting for Savitṛ’s activation, expressed through the vivid simile of watching for Soma’s shining ray.Read verse 10.149.5 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Impeller and awakener (prasavitṛ)
  • Golden radiance and summit (hiraṇya imagery)
  • Cosmic stabilizer of Earth–Heaven–Midspace
  • Upholder of law/order (ṛta/dharma)
  • Bestower of force and plenitude (vāja)
  • Linked with the swift, truth-bearing bird emblem (Garutmān)

Also by this seer

  • RV 10.149 is transmitted without a secure rishi attribution; no additional hymns can be confidently assigned on internal evidence alone.

The rite, step by step

  • Prepare the altar/fire (if in an agnihotra-style setting) and seat the officiant facing east.
  • Recite the hymn as an invocation to Savitṛ at daybreak, contemplating the stabilization of Earth and Heaven and the bounding of the waters.
  • Mentally ‘yoke’ one’s intention to ṛta: resolve to act in right measure and timing.
  • Conclude with a request for help/impulsion (avase), maintaining wakeful attention until the desired clarity and momentum arise.

Offerings

  • Ghee (ājya) into fire (where applicable)
  • Oblations accompanying Savitṛ praise (general havis)
  • Water/mental offering of reverence (namas) in non-fire recitation contexts

Frequently Asked Questions

Savitṛ is the divine Impeller—identified with the sun’s awakening power—who sets beings in motion and keeps the worlds moving in right order.

It says Savitṛ ‘harnesses’ the cosmos: he makes Earth steady, Heaven firm, energizes the midspace, and bounds the ocean within an unbreakable law of order (ṛta/dharma).

Garutmān symbolizes swift movement that still follows dharma, while the Soma-ray simile expresses the worshipper’s alert, expectant devotion—waiting for Savitṛ’s activating impulse within.

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