Rig Veda 1.173.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 173, Mantra 1
Sukta 1.173
Devata: Likely Indra (context of RV 1.173), with strong svar/light imagery; verse functions as hymnic prelude invoking chant and rays
Chandas: Trishtubh (likely; longer line structure)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
गायत्साम नभन्यं यथा वेरर्चाम तद्वावृधानं स्वर्वत् । गावो धेनवो बर्हिष्यदब्धा आ यत्सद्मानं दिव्यं विवासान् ॥
Transliteration
gā́yat sā́ma nabhanyàṁ yáthā vér arcā́ma tád vāvṛdhānáṁ svàrvat | gā́vo dhenávo barhíṣy adabdhā́ ā́ yát sadmā́naṁ divyáṁ vivāsān ||
Translation
नभन्यं साम गायात्; यथा वयं तद् वावृधानं स्वर्वत् स्तुमः। गावो धेनव इव पोषयित्र्यः रश्मयः, बर्हिष्यदब्धाः, यत् वयं विवासानाः सेवामहे, तदा दिव्यं सद्मानम् आ यन्ति।
Word by Word
गायत्sang
गायत्:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√गै (गायति) / √गा (गायति) धातु
सामSāman-chant
साम:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसामन् (प्रातिपदिक) < √सो/सव् (to press/chant) (परम्परागत व्युत्पत्ति) अथवा नामधातु
नभन्यम्heavenly, belonging to the sky
नभन्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनभन्य (प्रातिपदिक) < नभस् (sky) (वैदिक विशेषण)
यथाas, just as
यथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
वेर्indeed, verily (emphatic particle)
वेर्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवेर् (अव्यय/निपात; वैदिक)
अर्चामlet us praise/sing
अर्चाम:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√अर्च् (अर्चति)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वावृधानम्grown, strengthened
वावृधानम्:
Karma
TypeParticiple/Adjective
Root√वृध् (वर्धते) → वावृधान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, परिपूर्ण/वृद्ध)
स्वर्वत्possessing light/heavenly radiance
स्वर्वत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वर् + वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
गावःcows
गावः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
धेनवःmilch-cows
धेनवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु (प्रातिपदिक)
बर्हिषिon the sacrificial grass
बर्हिषि:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootबर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
अदब्धाःunharmed, unassailable
अदब्धाः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootअदब्ध (प्रातिपदिक) < √दभ् (to harm/deceive) + अ-
आtowards, hither
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यत्which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सद्मानम्seat, abode
सद्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसद्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
दिव्यम्heavenly, divine
दिव्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदिव्य (प्रातिपदिक) < दिव् (sky) / √दिव्
विवासान्shining forth / making to dwell (bringing to the abode)
विवासान्:
Kartā
TypeParticiple/Adjective
Root√वास् (वासयति/वसति) + वि- → विवास (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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