Valmiki Ramayana 5.1.153 — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 1, Shloka 153

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

रामो दाशरथिर्नाम प्रविष्टो दण्डकावनम्।लक्ष्मणेन सह भ्रात्रा वैदेह्या चापि भार्यया।।।।

Transliteration

rāmo dāśarathir nāma praviṣṭo daṇḍakāvanam | lakṣmaṇena saha bhrātrā vaidehyā cāpi bhāryayā ||

Translation

रामो दाशरथिः नाम लक्ष्मणेन सह भ्रात्रा वैदेह्या चापि भार्यया दण्डकावनं प्रविष्टः।

Word by Word

• रामः: Rāma
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• दाशरथिः: son of Daśaratha
• दाशरथिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dāśarathi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; पितृव्युत्पन्न (patronymic)

• नाम: by name
• नाम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāma (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; नामार्थक निपात (particle meaning ‘by name/indeed’)

• प्रविष्टः: entered
• प्रविष्टः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra+viś (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त (Past Active/Perfective participle in usage); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘entered’

• दण्डकावनम्: the Daṇḍaka forest
• दण्डकावनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daṇḍakā-vana (प्रातिपदिक: दण्डका + वन)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष—‘दण्डकानां वनम्’

• लक्ष्मणेन: with Lakṣmaṇa
• लक्ष्मणेन: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सहार्थक उपसर्गसदृश (postposition/adverb)

• भ्रात्रा: with (his) brother
• भ्रात्रा: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• वैदेह्या: with Vaidehī (Sītā)
• वैदेह्या: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaidehī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अप्यर्थक निपात (particle: also/even)

• भार्यया: with (his) wife
• भार्यया: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

Context

"Dasaratha's son called Rama accompanied by his brother Lakshmana and his wife Vaidehi entered Dandaka forest.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Daśaratha
• Daṇḍaka forest
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Vaidehī (Sītā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It highlights steadfastness in dharma through shared duty—Rāma’s forest-life is not solitary; Lakṣmaṇa and Sītā participate in a chosen path of righteousness and loyalty.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān summarizes the background: Rāma went into the Daṇḍaka forest accompanied by Lakṣmaṇa and Sītā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Family loyalty and commitment—Lakṣmaṇa’s devoted companionship and Sītā’s steadfast partnership alongside Rāma.