Valmiki Ramayana 5.1.101 — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 1, Shloka 101

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

हिरण्यनाभो मैनाको निशम्य लवणाम्भसः।।।।उत्पपात जलात्तूर्णं महाद्रुमलतायुतः।

Transliteration

hiraṇyanābho maināko niśamya lavaṇāmbhasaḥ |

utpapāta jalāt tūrṇaṁ mahādrumalatāyutaḥ ||

Translation

लवणाम्भसः सागरस्य आज्ञां निशम्य हिरण्यनाभो मैनाकः महाद्रुमलतायुतः जलात् तूर्णम् उत्पपात।

Word by Word

• हिरण्यनाभः: Hiraṇyanābha (gold-bosomed)
• हिरण्यनाभः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिरण्य-नाभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषणरूपेण मैनाकस्य

• मैनाकः: Maināka (the mountain)
• मैनाकः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मैनाक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• निशम्य: having heard
• निशम्य: Hetu (हेतु/कारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि-शम् (धातु) + ल्यप् (Kridanta/Absolutive)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), पूर्वकालिकक्रिया (prior action): "having heard"

• लवणाम्भसः: of the salty water (ocean)
• लवणाम्भसः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लवण-अम्भस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), षष्ठी (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (Singular); सम्बन्ध (of)

• उत्पपात: leapt up / rose up
• उत्पपात: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-पत् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपद

• जलात्: from the water
• जलात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), पञ्चमी (Ablative, 5th), एकवचन (Singular)

• तूर्णम्: quickly / at once
• तूर्णम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक; अव्ययीभावे प्रयोगः)
• Form: अव्यय (Indeclinable), क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• महाद्रुमलतायुतः: endowed with great trees and creepers
• महाद्रुमलतायुतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा-द्रुम-लता-युक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (qualifier of मैनाकः)

Context

Hearing the command of the god of the ocean, mount Mainaka, rich in gold and covered with trees and creepers rose up at once from the water.

Characters & Entities

• Maināka
• Ocean (salt waters / Sāgara)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is responsiveness to a righteous request: Maināka promptly acts to support Hanumān’s sacred mission.

What is the narrative situation?

The ocean’s presiding power prompts Maināka to emerge so that Hanumān may be offered relief during his crossing.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prompt helpfulness—swift action aligned with duty.