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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 21, Shloka 48

अयोध्याकाण्डे एकविंशः सर्गः

Lakṣmaṇa’s militant counsel and Rāma’s dharma-based persuasion of Kausalyā

त्वया मया च वैदेह्या लक्ष्मणेन सुमित्रया।पितुर्नियोगे स्थातव्यमेष धर्मस्सनातनः।।2.21.48।।

tvayā mayā ca vaidehyā lakṣmaṇena sumitrayā |

pitur niyoge sthātavyam eṣa dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ ||2.21.48||

त्वया मया च वैदेह्या लक्ष्मणेन सुमित्रया च। पितुर्नियोगे स्थातव्यम्—एष धर्मः सनातनः॥

त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Kartr-sahabhava (कर्तृसहभाव/agent-instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (3rd), एकवचन
मयाby me
मया:
Kartr-sahabhava (कर्तृसहभाव)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (3rd), एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय
वैदेह्याby Vaidehi (Sita)
वैदेह्या:
Kartr-sahabhava (कर्तृसहभाव)
TypeNoun
Rootवैदेही (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन
लक्ष्मणेनby Lakshmana
लक्ष्मणेन:
Kartr-sahabhava (कर्तृसहभाव)
TypeNoun
Rootलक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन
सुमित्रयाby Sumitra
सुमित्रया:
Kartr-sahabhava (कर्तृसहभाव)
TypeNoun
Rootसुमित्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन
पितुःof the father
पितुः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
नियोगेin the command/order
नियोगे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनियोग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th, locative), एकवचन; ‘आज्ञायाम्’ (in the command)
स्थातव्यम्must be obeyed/abided by
स्थातव्यम्:
Vidhi (विधि/कर्तव्य)
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
Formतव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive/future passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्तव्यता (ought to be stood/abided)
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta (कर्ता/subject—dharmaḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
धर्मःdharma/law
धर्मः:
Karta (कर्ता/predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
सनातनःeternal
सनातनः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (of धर्मः)

You, Sita, Lakshmana, Sumitra and I -- all of us shall abide by the words of my father. This indeed is eternal law.

R
Rāma
K
Kausalyā (implied by address/context)
V
Vaidehī (Sītā)
L
Lakṣmaṇa
S
Sumitrā
D
Daśaratha (pituḥ, implied)

FAQs

Dharma is defined as collective fidelity to a rightful command and to truth: the family must uphold the father’s injunction as a timeless moral law.

Rāma generalizes his stance into a family-wide commitment, indicating that all close relations should align with Daśaratha’s order regarding exile.

Rāma’s sense of moral universality: he frames personal suffering as participation in an enduring ethical order (sanātana dharma).