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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 111, Shloka 4

अयोध्याकाण्डे एकादशोत्तरशततमः सर्गः

Sarga 111: Counsel on Gurus, Parental Debt, and Bharata’s Protest

सोऽहं ते पितुराचार्यस्तव चैव परन्तप।मम त्वं वचनं कुर्वन्नातिवर्तेस्सतां गतिम्।।।।

so 'haṃ te pitur ācāryas tava caiva parantapa | mama tvaṃ vacanaṃ kurvan nātivartes satāṃ gatim ||

सोऽहं ते पितुराचार्यः तव चैव परन्तप; मम वचनं कुर्वन् सतां गतिम् नातिवर्तिष्यसि॥

सःthat (person)
सः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-प्रयोग (1st person pronoun), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
तेof you/your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive) एकवचन (Singular) (enclitic)
पितुःof (your) father
पितुः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)
आचार्यःteacher/preceptor
आचार्यः:
प्रेडिकेट-नाम (Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
तवof you/your
तव:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)
and
:
वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
एवindeed
एव:
वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-निपात (emphasis)
परन्तपO scorcher of foes
परन्तप:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootपरन्तप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुष (foe-scorcher)
ममmy
मम:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
वचनम्command/word
वचनम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object of कुर्वन्)
TypeNoun
Rootवचन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
कुर्वन्doing, carrying out
कुर्वन्:
कर्ता (Agent participle referring to त्वम्)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
not
:
वाक्य-सम्बन्ध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात (negation)
अतिवर्तेःyou will not/should not transgress
अतिवर्तेः:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअति-वृत् (धातु)
Formलृट्/लुट्-न (here: विधिलिङ्/आशीर्लिङ्-प्रायः? actually लोट्-निषेधार्थे भविष्यदर्थ-प्रयोगः), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद; निषेधेन 'नातिवर्तेः' = 'you will not transgress/should not transgress'
सताम्of the virtuous
सताम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootसत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)
गतिम्path, course
गतिम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootगति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

I was preceptor to your father and also to you. O destroyer of foes, by following my words, you will not transgress the path of the virtuous.

V
Vasiṣṭha
R
Rāma
D
Daśaratha

FAQs

Respect for dharmic authority: the guru’s guidance is presented as a safeguard that keeps one aligned with the conduct of the virtuous (satām gati).

Vasiṣṭha, as royal preceptor, advises Rāma during the tense succession/exile dispute, urging him to act in a way consistent with established dharma.

Humility and discipline: Rāma is urged to accept instruction and remain within the ethical boundaries honored by the righteous.