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Shloka 11

The Legend of Hemakuṇḍala: Charity, Decline of the Sons, and Yama’s Judgment

उदयास्तमनं यावदन्नपानं चकार सः । पुराद्बहिश्चतुर्दिक्षु प्रपां चक्रेऽतिशोभनाम्

udayāstamanaṃ yāvadannapānaṃ cakāra saḥ | purādbahiścaturdikṣu prapāṃ cakre'tiśobhanām

उदयास्तमनं यावद् अन्नपानं स चकार। पुराद् बहिश्चतुर्दिक्षु प्रपां चक्रेऽतिशोभनाम्॥

udaya-astamanamsunrise and sunset
udaya-astamanam:
Kāla (काल) (time-extent)
TypeNoun
Rootudaya (प्रातिपदिक) + astamana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमाहार-द्वन्द्व (collective dvandva) = ‘उदयश्च अस्तमनं च’ (sunrise and sunset); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); used adverbially with yāvat
yāvatuntil / as long as
yāvat:
Kāla (काल) (limit marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyāvat (अव्यय)
Formपरिमाण/अवधि-वाचक-अव्यय (limit/extent particle) ‘as far as / until’
anna-pānamfood and drink
anna-pānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootanna (प्रातिपदिक) + pāna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमाहार-द्वन्द्व (collective dvandva) = ‘अन्नं च पानं च’ (food and drink); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
cakāradid/made/provided
cakāra:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु) + लिट्
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
purātfrom the city
purāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootpur (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन (Singular); ‘from the city’
bahiḥoutside
bahiḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) (location adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbahiḥ (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (spatial adverb) ‘outside’
catur-dikṣuin the four directions
catur-dikṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootcatur (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + diś (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विगु-समास (Dvigu) = ‘चतस्रः दिशः’ (the four directions); स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (Plural)
prapāma water-shed/drinking-water station
prapām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootprapā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
cakremade/established
cakre:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु) + लिट्
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
ati-śobhanāmvery beautiful
ati-śobhanām:
Karma (कर्म) (viśeṣaṇa of karma)
TypeAdjective
Rootati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + śobhana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (Karmadhāraya) = ‘अतिशोभना’ (very beautiful); स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण of prapām

Narrator (context not specified in the provided excerpt)

Concept: Anna-dāna and pāna-dāna offered consistently (sunrise to sunset) embody compassion and sustain society; dharma is lived as daily service, not occasional ritual.

Application: Run or support a daily food/water service (temple kitchen, community fridge, water station); practice respectful hospitality to guests and workers.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: city

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"At the four gates outside a city, elegant prapās stand with carved pillars, shaded roofs, and rows of water pots cooled with wet cloth. From dawn to dusk, servers distribute food and drink to pilgrims, laborers, and ascetics; the donor watches quietly as gratitude softens weary faces and the road becomes a corridor of mercy.","primary_figures":["The donor-householder","Travelers and pilgrims","Ascetics","Servers distributing food and water"],"setting":"City outskirts at the four directions—roadside rest-houses with benches, water jars, ladles, and a simple annakshetra counter; dust roads and distant city walls.","lighting_mood":"bright dawn transitioning to warm late-afternoon glow","color_palette":["terracotta","cool white","copper","palm-leaf green","saffron"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: grand prapā with ornate pillars and gold-leaf accents, rows of kalashas, donor in rich attire offering ladles of water, crowds of pilgrims receiving food, vibrant reds/greens, gem-like detailing, symmetrical composition with four directional pavilions suggested in the border motifs.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: roadside pavilion with delicate architecture, soft dusty roads, small expressive figures drinking water, donor standing modestly, gentle morning-to-evening gradient sky, refined linework and calm compassion in faces.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlined pavilion, stylized water pots and serving gestures, warm ochres and greens, rhythmic procession of travelers, decorative borders with conch and lamp motifs, devotional public-service emphasis.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: annakshetra and water service framed by intricate floral borders, peacocks near the pavilion, deep blue background with gold highlights, repeated pot motifs like a garland, devotees in orderly rows receiving prasāda-like food."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"devotional","suggested_raga":"Durga","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"emotional","sound_elements":["clinking water pots","footsteps on road","soft chanting","temple bells"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: yāvadannapānaṃ → yāvat + anna-pānam; purādbahiś → purāt + bahiḥ; cakre'tiśobhanām → cakre + ati-śobhanām

FAQs

A prapā is a public water-shed or drinking-water station, often with shade or a resting spot, established for the welfare of travelers—an act considered meritorious charity (dāna).

The verse highlights sustained hospitality—providing food, drink, and public utilities for others—as a practical expression of dharma and compassion.

It indicates comprehensive public service: placing water and rest facilities on all approaches to the city so travelers from any direction benefit equally.