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Shloka 33

The Greatness of Gayā

Gayā-Māhātmya

एतेन कृष्णेन हता पुरा वै जन्मन्यनेका ऋषयः पुराणाः । एतौ स्मृतौ द्वावपि पितृपुत्रौ अवीचिसंज्ञं नरकं प्रविष्टौ ॥ ३३ ॥

etena kṛṣṇena hatā purā vai janmanyanekā ṛṣayaḥ purāṇāḥ | etau smṛtau dvāvapi pitṛputrau avīcisaṃjñaṃ narakaṃ praviṣṭau || 33 ||

एतेन कृष्णेन पुरा वै नानाजन्मसु पुराणाः ऋषयः अनेकाः हताः। एतौ स्मृतौ पितृपुत्रौ उभौ अवीचिसंज्ञं नरकं प्रविष्टौ।

etenaby this
etena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Singular; here masculine agreeing with kṛṣṇena
kṛṣṇenaby Kṛṣṇa (the black one)
kṛṣṇena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd), Singular
hatāḥwere slain
hatāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√han (हन् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; agreeing with ṛṣayaḥ
purāformerly
purā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpurā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (कालवाचक)
vaiindeed
vai:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निश्चयार्थक/खलु-अर्थे)
janmaniin (a) birth
janmani:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootjanman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th), Singular
anekāḥmany
anekāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootaneka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; agreeing with ṛṣayaḥ
ṛṣayaḥsages
ṛṣayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural
purāṇāḥancient
purāṇāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpurāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural; agreeing with ṛṣayaḥ
etauthese two
etau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Dual
smṛtauare remembered/known
smṛtau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√smṛ (स्मृ धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Dual; used as predicate: 'are remembered/known as'
dvautwo
dvau:
Pratijñā (समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdvi (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual; numeral
apialso
api:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (अपि)
pitṛ-putraufather and son
pitṛ-putrau:
Pratijñā (समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (pitā ca putraś ca)
avīci-saṃjñamnamed Avīci
avīci-saṃjñam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootavīci (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃjñā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; तत्पुरुषः (avīci iti saṃjñā yasya)
narakamhell
narakam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular
praviṣṭauentered
praviṣṭau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√viś (विश् धातु)
FormPast active participle (क्तवतु/क्त; here perfective adjectival), Masculine, Nominative, Dual; 'having entered'

Narada (narrating consequences of grave sins within the Uttara-Bhaga’s naraka descriptions)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: raudra

K
Kṛṣṇa (as a named individual in the narrative, not necessarily Śrī Kṛṣṇa-Vāsudeva)
Ṛṣis (ancient sages)
A
Avīci (hell realm)

FAQs

It underscores the Purāṇic law of karma: violence against holy persons (ṛṣis) is a grave transgression whose momentum can follow one across births, culminating in severe post-mortem suffering such as Avīci.

By highlighting the catastrophic end of irreverence and cruelty toward sages, the verse indirectly points to bhakti and sat-saṅga (reverence for saints) as safeguards—devotion is sustained through honoring dharma and the devotees of the Divine.

The practical takeaway is dharma-śāstric ethics rather than a technical Vedāṅga: one must avoid guru/ṛṣi-apacāra (offense to sages) and follow prescribed prayāścitta and righteous conduct to prevent karmic downfall.