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Shloka 31

The Greatness of Gayā

Gayā-Māhātmya

समुंह्यते शंसत सर्वमेतत्कुतूहलं मे मनसि प्रवृत्तम् । सित उवाच । अहं सितस्ते जनकोऽस्मि राजन्नाम्ना च वर्णेन च कर्मणा च ॥ ३१ ॥

samuṃhyate śaṃsata sarvametatkutūhalaṃ me manasi pravṛttam | sita uvāca | ahaṃ sitaste janako'smi rājannāmnā ca varṇena ca karmaṇā ca || 31 ||

“मोहितोऽस्मि; शंसत सर्वमेतत्, मम मनसि कुतूहलं प्रवृत्तम्।” इति। सित उवाच—“राजन्, अहं सितः; नाम्ना च वर्णेन च कर्मणा च तव जनकोऽस्मि।”

samuṃhyateis bewildered / becomes confused
samuṃhyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√muh (मुह् धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd Person, Singular; ātmanepada
śaṃsatatell (you two)
śaṃsata:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√śaṃs (शंस् धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), 2nd Person, Dual (द्विवचन); parasmaipada
sarvameverything
sarvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; used substantively
etatthis
etat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; demonstrative
kutūhalamcuriosity
kutūhalam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkutūhala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
memy
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootmad (अस्मद् सर्वनाम)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; enclitic
manasiin (my) mind
manasi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmanas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
pravṛttamhas arisen / has occurred
pravṛttam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√vṛt (वृत् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त/क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; agreeing with 'kutūhalam'
sitaḥSita (the white one)
sitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; speaker tag
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच् धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd Person, Singular; parasmaipada
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (अस्मद् सर्वनाम)
FormNominative (1st), Singular
sitaḥthe white (one)
sitaḥ:
Pratijñā (प्रत्यय/समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; predicate nominative
teyour
te:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (युष्मद् सर्वनाम)
FormGenitive (6th), Singular; enclitic
janakaḥfather
janakaḥ:
Pratijñā (समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootjanaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
asmiam
asmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as (अस् धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 1st Person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular; parasmaipada
rājanO king
rājan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th), Singular
nāmnāby name
nāmnā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnāman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd), Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)
varṇenaby color
varṇena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd), Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)
karmaṇāby deed
karmaṇā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkarman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd), Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

Sita

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

S
Sita
K
King (Rajan)
J
Janaka (father/progenitor)

FAQs

The verse frames a dharmic principle of identity and legitimacy: a person is recognized not merely by a label, but through name, social duty (varṇa), and conduct (karma), emphasizing ethical action as a marker of truth.

Direct bhakti instruction is not explicit here; however, the stress on karma (right conduct) supports bhakti praxis in the Purana—devotion is authenticated by lived dharma, not by claim alone.

Vyākaraṇa and Nirukta-style precision is implied in the careful use of identifiers (name, varṇa, karma), showing how exact terminology and classification support clear transmission of narrative and dharmic intent.