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Shloka 51

Yama’s Journey to Brahmaloka

Ekadashi–Dvadashi Mahatmya in the Rukmangada Cycle

विलोकयन्नधोभागं नम्रवक्त्रो व्यदर्शयत् । ते प्रविष्टं यमं दृष्ट्वा सकायस्थं सनारदम् ॥ ५१ ॥

vilokayannadhobhāgaṃ namravaktro vyadarśayat | te praviṣṭaṃ yamaṃ dṛṣṭvā sakāyasthaṃ sanāradam || 51 ||

अधोभागं विलोकयन् नम्रवक्त्रो व्यदर्शयत्; ते प्रविष्टं यमं दृष्ट्वा सकायस्थं सनारदम्।

vilokayanlooking
vilokayan:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent as participle)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√lok (धातु) (कृदन्त: शतृ/Present active participle)
FormKṛdanta (śatṛ), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; agrees with namravaktraḥ (subject)
adhaḥ-bhāgamthe lower part (downwards)
adhaḥ-bhāgam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootadhaḥ (अव्यय) + bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana; avyayībhāva: adhaḥ (below) + bhāga (part) → ‘lower part’
namra-vaktraḥwith face lowered
namra-vaktraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootnamra (प्रातिपदिक) + vaktra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana; karmadhāraya ‘having a bowed face’
vyadarśayatshowed
vyadarśayat:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√dṛś (धातु) (causative/णिच्: darśayati)
FormLuṅ-lakāra (Aorist/लुङ्), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; causative sense ‘showed’
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana; pronoun
praviṣṭamentered, having entered
praviṣṭam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra-√viś (धातु) (कृदन्त: क्त/PPP)
FormKṛdanta (past passive participle/क्त), Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifies yamam
yamamYama
yamam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootyama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया/absolutive)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (धातु)
FormKṛdanta (ktvā/absolutive/क्त्वा), avyaya; pūrva-kāla-kriyā ‘having seen’
sa-kāyasthamtogether with the kāyastha (scribe)
sa-kāyastham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह) + kāyastha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; avyaya-tatpuruṣa ‘together with the kāyastha (scribe)’; qualifies yamam (as accompanied)
sa-nāradamtogether with Nārada
sa-nāradam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (सह) + nārada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; avyaya-tatpuruṣa ‘together with Nārada’; further qualifier of yamam

Narrator (Purana narrative voice, reporting the scene)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Y
Yama
N
Narada
K
Kāyastha

FAQs

It underscores the Purāṇic theme of moral accountability: Yama’s presence with his record-keeping attendants signals the inevitability of dharma-based judgment, while Narada’s presence hints at the guiding role of sages who direct beings toward righteous conduct.

Though the verse is narrative rather than doctrinal, it frames a contrast: Yama represents the consequences of actions, while Narada is the archetypal teacher of devotion and dharma—implying that bhakti and right living protect one from fearful outcomes in the afterlife.

The verse implies a structured “accounting” of deeds through the Kāyasthas, aligning with dharma-śāstra style reasoning rather than a specific Vedāṅga; it reflects the practical ethic that actions are recorded and yield results (karma-phala).