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Shloka 9

Mohinī-Ākhyāna: Rukmāṅgada’s Refusal to Eat on Harivāsara

Ekādaśī

कथं हर्षमहं कर्ता मार्तंडतनयस्य वै । व्रजद्भिर्मनुजैर्मार्गे निरयस्यातिदुःखितैः ॥ ९ ॥

kathaṃ harṣamahaṃ kartā mārtaṃḍatanayasya vai | vrajadbhirmanujairmārge nirayasyātiduḥkhitaiḥ || 9 ||

मार्तण्डतनयस्य हेतोः कथं हर्षं करिष्याम्यहम्, यदा मार्गे मनुजाः निरयाय नीयन्तेऽतिदुःखिताः?

कथम्how?
कथम्:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्नवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (interrogative adverb)
हर्षम्joy
हर्षम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootहर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचन
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
कर्ताdoer/one who experiences (will be)
कर्ता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक; कृ धातोः तृच्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कर्तृवाचक (agent noun)
मार्तण्ड-तनयस्यof the Sun’s son (Yama)
मार्तण्ड-तनयस्य:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootमार्तण्ड (प्रातिपदिक) + तनय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘मार्तण्डस्य तनयः’
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निश्चय/सम्बोधन (emphatic particle)
व्रजद्भिःby those going
व्रजद्भिः:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootव्रजत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; व्रज् धातु, शतृ)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle): ‘going’
मनुजैःby men/people
मनुजैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootमनुज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन
मार्गेon the path
मार्गे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/locative), एकवचन
निरयस्यof hell
निरयस्य:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootनिरय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/genitive), एकवचन
अति-दुःखितैःby the extremely afflicted
अति-दुःखितैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअति (अव्यय/उपसर्ग) + दुःखित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः/उपपद-समासः: ‘अत्यन्तं दुःखित’

Narrator within the Uttara-Bhaga dialogue (speaker not explicitly identifiable from this single shloka alone; likely a compassionate observer addressing the fate governed by Yama/Sun-lineage)

Vrata: none

Rasa: {"primary_rasa":"karuna","secondary_rasa":"bhayanaka","emotional_journey":"Opens with a refusal of joy, then shifts attention to the terrifying procession of suffering beings driven toward hell, intensifying compassion into dread."}

M
Mārtaṇḍa (Surya)
M
Mārtaṇḍa-tanaya (son of the Sun)
N
Niraya (hell)

FAQs

It highlights dharmic empathy and moral urgency: true joy is inappropriate when beings are being propelled toward naraka due to their karmic burdens; it implicitly urges corrective dharma, repentance, and purifying acts.

By contrasting joy with the sight of beings bound for hell, the verse supports the Purana’s broader message that devotion and righteous living are not merely personal comforts but saving disciplines that redirect one’s destiny away from niraya.

No specific Vedanga (e.g., Vyakarana, Jyotisha, Kalpa) is directly taught in this line; the practical takeaway is ethical—align conduct with dharma to prevent karmic descent described in Purāṇic naraka teachings.