Shloka 41

Adhyaya 72 — The Reconciliation Rite, Sarasvati Sacrifice, and the Birth of Uttama Manu (Auttama Manvantara Prelude)

Sanskrit

इष्टैर्दारैस्तथा पुत्रैर्बन्धुभिर्वा कदाचन ।

वियोगो नास्य भविता शृण्वतः पठतोऽपि वा ॥

Transliteration

iṣṭair dārais tathā putrair bandhubhir vā kadācana / viyogo nāsya bhavitā śṛṇvataḥ paṭhato 'pi vā

Translation

प्रियया भार्यया पुत्रैः स्वजनैर्वापि केनचित्। न तस्य वियोगो भवेत् श्रोतुः पाठकस्य वा सदा॥

Word by Word

• iṣṭaiḥ: with dear/beloved
• iṣṭaiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक/सह)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: iṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √iṣ 'to desire' / iṣṭa 'dear')
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त) used adjectivally; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन); qualifies 'dāraiḥ/putraiḥ/bandhubhiḥ' (understood)

• dāraiḥ: with wives
• dāraiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dāra (प्रातिपदिक; usually plural)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tathā: and also
• tathā: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, conjunction/adverb (समुच्चय/प्रकार)

• putraiḥ: with sons
• putraiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन)

• bandhubhiḥ: with relatives
• bandhubhiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bandhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vā: or
• vā: Vikalpa (विकल्प)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, disjunctive particle (विकल्प)

• kadācana: ever/at any time
• kadācana: Kālādhi karaṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kadācana (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, adverb (कालवाचक)

• viyogaḥ: separation
• viyogaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viyoga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, negation particle (निषेध)

• asya: of him
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• bhavitā: will be
• bhavitā: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); archaic/variant future form for 'bhaviṣyati'

• śṛṇvataḥ: of (one) listening
• śṛṇvataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śru (धातु) → śṛṇvat (शतृ-कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन); 'of one who is listening'

• paṭhataḥ: of (one) reciting
• paṭhataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: paṭh (धातु) → paṭhat (शतृ-कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन); 'of one who is reciting/reading'

• api: also/even
• api: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, particle (समुच्चय/अपि = 'also/even')

• vā: or
• vā: Vikalpa (विकल्प)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, disjunctive particle (विकल्प)

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya (continuing phalaśruti)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Phalaśruti
• Householder welfare
• Social harmony

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Purāṇic listening/recitation is treated as a dharmic stabilizer for gṛhastha-life: it cultivates conduct and fortune supportive of cohesion rather than rupture.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Manvantara context with dharma-phala overlay: while the content is manvantara, the verse functions as phalaśruti encouraging transmission and memorization.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Non-separation’ can symbolize integration of one’s inner faculties (putra/bandhu as metaphors for powers and tendencies). Recitation harmonizes the psyche, preventing ‘splitting’ into conflict.