Shloka 20

Adhyaya 7Fall of Vasu

हरिश्चन्द्र उवाच दातव्यं विप्रमुख्येभ्यो ये चान्ये कृशवृत्तयः । रक्ष्या भीताः सदा युद्धं कर्तव्यं परिपन्थिभिः ॥

hariścandra uvāca dātavyaṃ vipramukhyebhyo ye cānye kṛśavṛttayaḥ / rakṣyā bhītāḥ sadā yuddhaṃ kartavyaṃ paripanthibhiḥ

हरिश्चन्द्र उवाच—ब्राह्मणानां वरिष्ठेभ्यः दानं देयं तथा कृशजीविभ्यश्च। भीतानां रक्षणं कार्यम्। पथिकदस्युभ्यः परशत्रुभ्यश्च सदा युद्धं प्रवर्तयेत्।

hariścandraḥHariścandra
hariścandraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roothariścandra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
dātavyamshould be given
dātavyam:
Kārya (कार्य/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Rootdā (धातु)
FormGerundive (कृत्य/तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
vipramukhyebhyaḥto the foremost brāhmaṇas
vipramukhyebhyaḥ:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootvipramukhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Plural; tatpuruṣa: vipra + mukhya ‘chief among brāhmaṇas’
yewho
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; relative pronoun
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction particle
anyeothers
anye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
kṛśa-vṛttayaḥthose of scanty means
kṛśa-vṛttayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛśa (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; karmadhāraya: ‘having meagre livelihood’
rakṣyāḥare to be protected
rakṣyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootrakṣ (धातु)
FormGerundive (कृत्य/यत्), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
bhītāḥthe frightened (ones)
bhītāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhī (धातु)
FormPast participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural; used substantively
sadāalways
sadā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)
yuddhambattle
yuddham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyuddha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
kartavyammust be done
kartavyam:
Kārya (कार्य/विधेय)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
FormGerundive (कृत्य/तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; ‘to be done’
paripanthibhiḥby highwaymen / enemies
paripanthibhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootparipanthi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural
Hariścandra (within the narrative frame of the Markandeya Purana; exact outer-frame speakers not provided in input)

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaRājadharmaDāna (charity)Protection of subjectsJust war against aggressors

FAQs

The verse defines a king’s ethical triad of responsibility: (1) sustain dharma through dāna—supporting worthy Brāhmaṇas and the economically vulnerable; (2) provide refuge and safety to the fearful; and (3) use force only in a dharmic manner—directed against paripanthins (predators/obstructors) who threaten social order.

This passage aligns most closely with 'Vaṃśānucarita' in the broad Purāṇic sense, since Hariścandra is a royal exemplar and the text uses his voice to transmit normative rājadharma. It is not primarily sarga/pratisarga/manvantara in content, but an ethical-constitutional teaching embedded in royal narrative.

On a symbolic reading, 'dāna' represents the outward flow of resources that keeps the social body nourished, 'rakṣā' is the kingly function of fear-removal (abhaya), and 'yuddha against paripanthins' signifies disciplined resistance to forces that obstruct right order—both externally (banditry) and internally (lawlessness, greed).