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Shloka 1

Adhyaya 5Tvashta’s Wrath, the Birth of Vritra, and the Divine Descent as the Pandavas

पक्षिण ऊचुः ।

त्वष्टृपुत्रे हते पूर्वं ब्रह्मन्निन्द्रस्य तेजसा ।

ब्रह्महत्याभिभूतस्य परा हानिरजायत ॥

pakṣiṇa ūcuḥ |

tvaṣṭṛ-putre hate pūrvaṃ brahmann indrasya tejasā |

brahmahatyābhibhūtasya parā hānir ajāyata ||

खगाः ऊचुः—हे ब्राह्मण, पुरा त्वष्टुः पुत्रेन्द्रशक्त्या निहते, इन्द्रो ब्रह्महत्यापापेनाभिभूतः सन् महाविनाशं जगाम।

pakṣiṇaḥthe birds
pakṣiṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpakṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
ūcuḥsaid
ūcuḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (लिट्/perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथम), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
tvaṣṭṛputrewhen/with Tvaṣṭṛ’s son
tvaṣṭṛputre:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottvaṣṭṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष): त्वष्टुः पुत्रः; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
hatebeing slain
hate:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Root√han (धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
pūrvamformerly/previously
pūrvam:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb (कालवाचक)
brahmanO Brahman (sage)
brahman:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
indrasyaof Indra
indrasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootindra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
tejasaḥby (his) power/splendor
tejasaḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottejas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन) (Vedic/epic alternation: -asaḥ for -asā)
brahmahatyāby the sin of brahmin-slaying
brahmahatyā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahmahatyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
abhibhūtasyaof one overwhelmed
abhibhūtasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhi-√bhū (धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle used adjectivally (क्त), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
parāgreat/utter
parā:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootparā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
hāniḥloss/ruin
hāniḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roothāni (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
ajāyataarose/occurred
ajāyata:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√jan (धातु)
FormLaṅ-lakāra (लङ्/imperfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथम), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
The Birds (Dharmapakṣis) addressing the sage (frame-dialogue setting)

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Indra
DharmaKarmic consequenceSin (pāpa) and expiation (prāyaścitta)Indra-Vṛtra cycleEthical limits of power

FAQs

Even divinely empowered acts can incur binding moral consequence when they transgress dharma. The verse frames Indra’s victory as ethically costly: power (tejas) does not nullify the law of karma, and grave sin (brahmahatyā) produces tangible decline unless addressed through expiation and restoration of order.

Primarily within Vaṃśānucarita/Itihāsa-style narration used to teach dharma (an episode concerning a deity and a famous conflict). It is not directly sarga/pratisarga, but a dharma-instructional narrative embedded in the Purāṇic frame.

Indra symbolizes sovereign authority and the ego of rulership; Vṛtra (Tvaṣṭṛ’s son) represents the obstructing force that must be overcome. Yet the ‘sin’ indicates that overcoming obstruction through mere force, without alignment to higher order, stains the victor. The teaching is inner: victory must be integrated with purity, humility, and corrective rites—otherwise the conqueror is ‘overwhelmed’ from within.