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Shloka 32

Adhyaya 46Cosmic Dissolution, the Emergence of Brahma, and the Measures of Time (Yugas, Manvantaras, and Brahma’s Day)

ब्रह्मणो दिवसे ब्रह्मन् मनवः स्युश्चतुर्दश ।

भवन्ति भागशस्तेषां सहस्रं तद्विभज्यते ॥

brahmaṇo divase brahman manavaḥ syuś caturdaśa | bhavanti bhāgaśas teṣāṃ sahasraṃ tad vibhajyate ||

हे ब्राह्मण, ब्रह्मणोऽह्नि एकस्मिन् चतुर्दश मनवः सन्ति। तेषां कालाः भागवत् विभज्यन्ते; स अहः सहस्रधा विभक्तः।

ब्रह्मणःof Brahmā
ब्रह्मणः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; Genitive singular
दिवसेon (the) day
दिवसे:
अधिकरण (सप्तमी/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootदिवस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; Locative singular
ब्रह्मन्O Brahmin (sage)
ब्रह्मन्:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
मनवःManus
मनवः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमनु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; Nominative plural
स्युःare (would be)
स्युः:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; ‘would be/are said to be’
चतुर्दशfourteen
चतुर्दश:
विशेषण (Predicate qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्दश (संख्याशब्द/प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्याविशेषण; प्रथमा बहुवचनार्थे (indeclinable-like numeral used predicatively)
भवन्तिare/occur
भवन्ति:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
भागशःby portions; in parts
भागशः:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभागशस् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of manner)
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (सामान्यतः), षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Genitive plural
सहस्रम्a thousand
सहस्रम्:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (1st/2nd), एकवचन; here Nominative singular as total
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; refers to ‘that (thousand)’
विभज्यतेis divided
विभज्यते:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootविभज् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive)
Cosmological instruction within the Markandeya Purāṇa’s teaching narrative (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)
Brahmā
CosmologyManvantaraKalpaTime cycles

FAQs

Human history is framed as cyclical and governed by vast cosmic measures; this relativizes individual events and encourages steadiness (dhairya) and dharma across changing ages.

Primarily Manvantara (the succession and structure of Manu-periods) and, by implication, Sarga/Pratisarga insofar as creation and dissolution recur across Brahmā’s day-night.

The ‘thousand divisions’ alludes to the thousand mahāyugas constituting a kalpa-day; it symbolizes ordered manifestation (ṛta) emerging from measurable time rather than randomness.