Shloka 6

Adhyaya 32 — Rules for Parvana Śrāddha: Foods that Please the Ancestors and Items to Avoid

Sanskrit

तथैकादशमासांस्तु औरभ्रं पितृतृप्तिदम् ।

संवत्सरं तथा गव्यं पयः पायसमेव वा ॥

Transliteration

tathaikādaśamāsāṃs tu aurabhraṃ pitṛtṛptidam / saṃvatsaraṃ tathā gavyaṃ payaḥ pāyasam eva vā

Translation

तथैव औरभ्रमांसं पितॄन् एकादशमासान् तर्पयति। गोसम्भवं क्षीरं वा क्षीरपाकं पायसं वा संवत्सरं पूर्णं तर्पयति।

Word by Word

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अव्यय-क्रियाविशेषण (adverb ‘thus/likewise’)

• एकादशमासान्: eleven months
• एकादशमासान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकादश + मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्विगु-समासः (एकादश मासाः)

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (indeed/but)

• औरभ्रम्: sheep/ram meat
• औरभ्रम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: औरभ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (उरभ्र/भेड़-सम्बद्धं मांसम्)

• पितृ-तृप्ति-दम्: giving satisfaction to the ancestors
• पितृ-तृप्ति-दम्: Vidhana (विधान/Predicative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पितृ + तृप्ति + द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (पितॄणां तृप्तिं ददाति इति)

• संवत्सरम्: for a year
• संवत्सरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संवत्सर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कालपरिमाण (duration)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण

• गव्यम्: cow-product (e.g., milk)
• गव्यम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; गो-सम्बन्धि (product of cow)

• पयः: milk
• पयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पायसम्: rice-pudding (payasa)
• पायसम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पायस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक-निपात (restrictive particle ‘only/just’)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्पार्थक-निपात (disjunctive ‘or’)

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic discourse (speaker not explicit in the provided extract)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Śrāddha
• Pitṛ-pūjā
• Ahimsā-adjacent substitution (dairy offerings)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Notably, cow-products (milk/pāyasa) are elevated to year-long efficacy, showing that śrāddha need not be meat-centered; nourishing, sattva-leaning offerings are also portrayed as highly meritorious.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma (ācāra) content, complementing Purāṇic narrative rather than constituting sarga/manvantara genealogical material.

What is the esoteric significance?

Gavya symbolizes ‘sustaining abundance’ (go as nourishment and dharma). The year measure can indicate completeness/wholeness, implying a more stable, harmonizing offering for the ancestral realm.