Adhyaya 31 — Naimittika and Related Śrāddha Rites: Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, Eligibility, Timing, and Procedure
मातापितृपराश्चैव शिष्यसम्बन्धिबान्धवाः ।
एते द्विजोत्तमाः श्राद्धे समस्ताः केतनक्षमाḥ ॥
mātāpitṛ-parāś caiva śiṣya-sambandhi-bāndhavāḥ /
ete dvijottamāḥ śrāddhe samastāḥ ketana-kṣamāḥ
मातापितृभक्ताः शिष्यसम्बन्धिनः बान्धवाश्च ये; एते सर्वे श्रेष्ठा ब्राह्मणाः श्राद्धे आसनार्हाः।
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Filial devotion is treated as a primary marker of moral worth. The verse also recognizes bonds formed by teaching lineages (guru–śiṣya networks) as socially and ritually significant.
Ācāra/social-dharma instruction; not pancalakṣaṇa.
Honoring those devoted to parents mirrors the very purpose of śrāddha—reverence toward progenitors—creating a resonance between the rite’s intent and the invitee’s character.