Adhyaya 29 — Alarka’s Inquiry and Madalasa’s Teaching on Householder Dharma (Gārhasthya), Vaiśvadeva, and Atithi Hospitality
भिक्षाञ्च याचतां दद्यāt परिव्राड्ब्रह्मचारिणाम् ।
ग्रासप्रमाणा भिक्षा स्यादग्रं ग्रासचतुष्टयम् ॥
bhikṣāṃ ca yācatāṃ dadyāt parivrāḍbrahmacāriṇām / grāsapramāṇā bhikṣā syād agraṃ grāsacatuṣṭayam
याचकेभ्यः परिव्राजकेभ्यश्च ब्रह्मचारिभ्यश्च भिक्षां दद्यात्। भिक्षा ‘ग्रास’परिमिता; ‘प्रथमभागः’ चतुर्ग्रासः इति कथ्यते।
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A stable society depends on reciprocal support: householders sustain students and renunciants; alms are to be tangible and properly portioned, not merely symbolic.
Dharma-ācāra content; not a cosmological or dynastic unit.
Measuring alms as ‘morsels’ disciplines both giver and receiver—training moderation, humility, and non-attachment around food.