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Shloka 31

Adhyaya 22Kuvalayashva’s Death through Daitya-Deceit and Madalasa’s Self-Immolation

अवश्यं याति यद्देहं तद्द्विजानां कृते यदि ।

मम पुत्रेण संत्यक्तं नन्वभ्युदयकारि तत् ॥

avaśyaṃ yāti yad dehaṃ tad dvijānāṃ kṛte yadi /

mama putreṇa saṃtyaktaṃ nanv abhyudayakāri tat

यदि देहस्य नित्यमेव विनाशोऽस्ति, तर्हि द्विजार्थं तां देहं त्यक्त्वा मम पुत्रेण कृतं श्रेय उन्नतिश्च न किम्?

अवश्यम्surely
अवश्यम्:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअवश्यम् (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: certainly/inevitably)
यातिgoes
याति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√या (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
यत्which
यत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक (relative)
देहम्body
देहम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदेह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; correlative ‘that’
द्विजानाम्of the twice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजानाम्:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
कृतेfor the sake of
कृते:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृत (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-निष्पन्न)
Formअर्थे सप्तमी-रूपेण अव्ययीभूत (postposition-like): ‘for the sake of’ (genitive-associated)
यदिif
यदि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
Formशर्तार्थक अव्यय (conditional conjunction)
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
पुत्रेणby (my) son
पुत्रेण:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
संत्यक्तम्abandoned / given up
संत्यक्तम्:
Kriya-samānādhikaraṇa (समानााधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-√त्यज् (धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP)
ननुsurely
ननु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootननु (अव्यय)
Formसम्भावना/प्रत्यवायार्थक निपात (particle: surely/indeed)
अभ्युदयकारिbringing prosperity/auspiciousness
अभ्युदयकारि:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअभ्युदय-कारिन् (प्रातिपदिक; अभ्युदय + कारिन्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (of तत्)
तत्that (act)
तत्:
Karta/Karma (सम्बन्धानुसार)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
King

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Inevitability of deathDharma-oriented sacrificeAbhyudaya (worldly/spiritual welfare)Detachment from the body

FAQs

Since bodily death is unavoidable, the meaningful question is the purpose for which one lives and dies. Relinquishing the body in service of dharma is portrayed as producing abhyudaya—uplift for self and society.

A dharma-exemplum within narrative history (vaṃśānucarita-type), not a direct sarga/manvantara passage.

‘Giving up the body’ also suggests surrender of bodily identification (dehābhimāna). When offered for ‘dvija’ (higher truth/knowledge), it becomes an inner yajña yielding spiritual ascent.