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Shloka 31

Somadatta–Sātyaki Engagement; Bhīma’s Interventions; Droṇa–Yudhiṣṭhira Astra Exchange

Book 7, Chapter 132

तमविध्यद्‌ युधामन्युस्त्रिंशता कड्कपत्रिभि: | विंशत्या सारथिं चास्य चतुर्भिश्चतुरो हयान्‌,युधामन्युने कंकपत्रयुक्त तीस बाणोंद्वारा दुर्योधनको घायल कर दिया। फिर बीस बाणोंसे उसके सारथिको और चारसे चारों घोड़ोंको बींध डाला

tam avidhyad yudhāmanyus triṃśatā kaṅkapatribhiḥ | viṃśatyā sārathiṃ cāsya caturbhiś caturō hayān |

तमविध्यद् युधामन्युस्त्रिंशता कङ्कपत्रिभिः। विंशत्या सारथिं चास्य चतुर्भिश्चतुरो हयान्॥

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अविध्यत्pierced, struck
अविध्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध् (विध्) / विद्ध्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
युधामन्युःYudhāmanyu
युधामन्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun (Proper name)
Rootयुधामन्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रिंशताwith thirty
त्रिंशता:
Karana
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootत्रिंशत्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कङ्कपत्रिभिःwith arrows having heron-feathers
कङ्कपत्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootकङ्कपत्रिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
विंशत्याwith twenty
विंशत्या:
Karana
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootविंशति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सारथिम्charioteer
सारथिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यof him / his
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
चतुर्भिःwith four
चतुर्भिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootचतुर्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
चतुरःfour
चतुरः:
Karma
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootचतुर्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
हयान्horses
हयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

द्रोण उवाच

D
Droṇa
Y
Yudhāmanyu
D
Duryodhana
S
sārathi (charioteer)
H
haya (horses)
A
arrows (kaṅkapatrin)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how warfare targets systems, not only individuals: disabling the chariot by striking the driver and horses is strategic mastery, yet it also intensifies the moral strain of battle—skill and duty (kṣatriya-dharma) operating within a tragic escalation of violence.

Droṇa narrates that Yudhāmanyu wounds Duryodhana with thirty feathered arrows, then shoots the charioteer with twenty arrows and kills the four horses with four arrows, effectively crippling Duryodhana’s chariot in combat.