Shloka 45

Sātyaki-praveśaḥ and Duryodhana-saṃnipātaḥ

Sātyaki’s passage and Duryodhana’s mass engagement

Devanagari script

ततोन्‍्यद्‌ धनुरादाय द्रोण: क्षत्रियमर्दन:

Transliteration

tato 'nyad dhanur ādāya droṇaḥ kṣatriyamardanaḥ

Translation

सञ्जय उवाच—ततोऽन्यद् धनुरादाय द्रोणः क्षत्रियमर्दनः।

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas
• Form: indeclinable (ablatival adverb)

• anyat: another (one)
• anyat: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anya
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• dhanuḥ: bow
• dhanuḥ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhanus
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• ādāya: having taken
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dā (ādā)
• Form: absolutive (ktvā/lyap), active; 'having taken'

• droṇaḥ: Droṇa
• droṇaḥ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: droṇa
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• kṣatriya-mardanaḥ: crusher of warriors (kṣatriyas)
• kṣatriya-mardanaḥ: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṣatriya + mardana
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Droṇa
• bow (dhanuḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights steadfastness and strategic adaptability in conflict: when circumstances change, a capable leader re-equips and continues his duty (here, martial duty), underscoring resolve and competence rather than hesitation.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Droṇa takes up a different bow—implying a shift in tactics or replacement of a weapon—and resumes the fight, marking a transition to the next action sequence in the battle.