Shloka 60

Avimukta-Māhātmya — Vyāsa in Vārāṇasī and Śiva’s Secret Teaching of Liberation

Devanagari script

यत् तत् परतरं तत्त्वमविमुक्तमिति श्रुतम् / एकेन जन्मना देवि वाराणस्यां तदाप्नुयात्

Transliteration

yat tat parataraṃ tattvamavimuktamiti śrutam / ekena janmanā devi vārāṇasyāṃ tadāpnuyāt

Translation

यत् तत् परतरं तत्त्वम् ‘अविमुक्तम्’ इति श्रुतम्, देवि, एकेन जन्मना वाराणस्यां तद् एवाप्नुयात्।

Word by Word

• यत्: which
• यत्: सम्बन्ध (correlative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative, singular)

• तत्: that
• तत्: सम्बन्ध (correlative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nominative/accusative, singular)

• परतरम्: higher, more supreme
• परतरम्: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परतर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nom/acc singular) — तत्त्व-विशेषण

• तत्त्वम्: principle, reality
• तत्त्वम्: कर्म/कर्ता (contextual)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nom/acc singular)

• अविमुक्तम्: not abandoned; ‘Avimukta’
• अविमुक्तम्: विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अविमुक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, nom/acc singular) — तत्त्व-विशेषण

• इति: thus
• इति: वाक्यसम्बन्ध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, इत्यादि-उद्धरणसूचक (quotative particle)

• श्रुतम्: is heard/known (in tradition)
• श्रुतम्: क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय (predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (past passive participle, neuter, nom/acc singular) — ‘heard/known as’

• एकेन: by one (single)
• एकेन: करण (instrumental)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन (instrumental singular) — जन्मना-विशेषण

• जन्मना: by (a single) birth
• जन्मना: करण (means/extent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन (neuter, instrumental, singular)

• देवि: O goddess
• देवि: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन (feminine, vocative, singular)

• वाराणस्याम्: in Varanasi
• वाराणस्याम्: अधिकरण (locus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाराणसी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन (feminine, locative, singular)

• तत्: that (reality)
• तत्: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter, accusative, singular)

• आप्नुयात्: may attain
• आप्नुयात्: क्रिया (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आप् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद (optative, 3rd person singular, active)

Speaker

A Śaiva teacher-voice addressing Devī (Pārvatī), presenting the sanctity of Avimukta/Kāśī as a direct means to realize the supreme tattva

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Devī
• Avimukta
• Vārāṇasī (Kāśī)

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It identifies the “highest tattva” as the transcendent Reality accessible through Avimukta—implying that liberation is not merely ritual merit but realization of the supreme principle associated with the sacred field of Kāśī.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse stresses kṣetra-upāsanā—spiritual discipline centered on dwelling in and contemplating Avimukta/Kāśī—implying sustained sādhana (japa, dhyāna, and devotion to Īśvara) that can culminate in realization within one lifetime.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By presenting mokṣa through Avimukta (a strongly Śaiva locus) within the Kurma Purana’s broader Vaiṣṇava frame, it supports the Purāṇa’s synthesis: the supreme tattva is one, approached through Śiva-kṣetra devotion without contradicting the overarching unity of Īśvara.