Brahma Purana — Shiva on Dharma: Nonviolence, Truthful Speech, Mental Discipline, and the Karmic Causes of Heaven and Longevity, Shloka 40
Devanagari script
केनायुर् लभते दीर्घं कर्मणा पुरुषः प्रभो तपसा वापि देवेश केनायुर् लभते महत् //
Translation
यः श्रद्धया नित्यं शृणुयात् पठति वा नरः। तस्य पापक्षयो भूयाद् आयुः कीर्तिश्च वर्धते॥
Word by Word
kenaby what? / by which means?
kena:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
āyuḥlifespan
āyuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootāyus (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
labhateobtains
labhate:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√labh (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular
dīrghamlong
dīrgham:
Karma (कर्म/Object-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootdīrgha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; used as predicate/qualifier of āyuḥ
karmaṇāby action/deed
karmaṇā:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootkarman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
puruṣaḥO man / person
puruṣaḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; vocative-sense possible in address context
prabhoO lord
prabho:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootprabhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular
tapasāby austerity
tapasā:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
vāor
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormParticle (विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय), disjunctive ‘or’
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (समुच्चय/अवधारण), ‘also/even’
deveśaO Lord of the gods
deveśa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva + īśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: devānām īśaḥ
kenaby what?
kena:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
āyuḥlifespan
āyuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootāyus (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
labhateobtains
labhate:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√labh (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, Singular
mahatgreat
mahat:
Karma (कर्म/Object-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifier of āyuḥ
Speaker
Umā questioning Śiva