Brahma Purana — Krishna Subdues Kaliya and Purifies the Yamuna, Shloka 21
Devanagari script
हा हा क्वासाव् इति जनो गोपीनाम् अतिविह्वलः यशोदया समं भ्रान्तो द्रुतः प्रस्खलितो ययौ //
Translation
अस्य अध्यायस्य एकविंशतितमः श्लोकः।
Word by Word
hāalas!
hā:
Sambodhana/Exclamation (सम्बोधन/उद्गार)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothā (अव्यय)
FormExclamation/interjection (उद्गार)
hāalas!
hā:
Sambodhana/Exclamation (सम्बोधन/उद्गार)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothā (अव्यय)
FormExclamation/interjection (उद्गार)
kvawhere?
kva:
Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkva (अव्यय)
FormInterrogative adverb (प्रश्नाव्यय)
asauhe/that one
asau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasau (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
itithus
iti:
Discourse marker (वाक्यसूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)
janaḥthe people/crowd
janaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular
gopīnāmof the cowherd women (gopīs)
gopīnām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootgopī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive (षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
ati-vihvalaḥextremely agitated
ati-vihvalaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + vihvala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular; adjective qualifying janaḥ; with intensifier ati- (अति)
yaśodayāwith Yaśodā
yaśodayā:
Sahakāraka/Association (सह/साकं-भाव)
TypeNoun
Rootyaśodā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental (तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
samamtogether
samam:
Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverbial accusative used as indeclinable (अव्ययीभाव/क्रियाविशेषणवत्), meaning ‘together/equally’
bhrāntaḥbewildered, roaming
bhrāntaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhram (धातु) → bhrānta (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifying janaḥ
drutaḥhastened, quickly
drutaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdru (धातु) → druta (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifying janaḥ; sense ‘having hurried/quick’
praskhalitaḥstumbling
praskhalitaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra + skhal (धातु) → praskhalita (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifying janaḥ
yayauwent
yayau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootyā (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
Speaker
Narrator voice reporting the crowd’s cries