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Agni Purana — Yoga & Brahma-vidya, Shloka 42

अध्याय ३८० — गीतासारः

The Essence of the Gītā

दुःखशोकामयायान्नं तीक्ष्णरूक्षन्तु राजसं अमेध्योच्छिष्टपूत्यन्नं तामसं नीरसादिकं

duḥkhaśokāmayāyānnaṃ tīkṣṇarūkṣantu rājasaṃ amedhyocchiṣṭapūtyannaṃ tāmasaṃ nīrasādikaṃ

दुःखशोकामयकरं तीक्ष्णरूक्षं च यदन्नं तत् राजसम्। अमेध्योच्छिष्टपूत्यादि नीरसादि च यदन्नं तत् तामसम्।

duḥkha-śoka-āmaya-āyafor suffering, grief, and illness
duḥkha-śoka-āmaya-āya:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/beneficiary-result)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + śoka (प्रातिपदिक) + āmaya (प्रातिपदिक) + āya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/dative), एकवचन; समाहार-तत्पुरुषः (for pain, grief, and disease)
annamfood
annam:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootanna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
tīkṣṇa-rūkṣampungent and dry/rough
tīkṣṇa-rūkṣam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottīkṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + rūkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः; विशेषणम् (of annam)
tubut / indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (contrastive particle)
rājasamrajasic
rājasam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootrājasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of annam)
amedhya-ucchiṣṭa-pūti-annamimpure, leftover, foul food
amedhya-ucchiṣṭa-pūti-annam:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootamedhya (प्रातिपदिक) + ucchiṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक) + pūti (प्रातिपदिक) + anna (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; बहु-विशेषण-कर्मधारयः (food that is impure, leftover, and foul)
tāmasamtamasic
tāmasam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottāmasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of annam)
nīrasa-ādikamtasteless and the like
nīrasa-ādikam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnīrasa (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ādi = 'etc.'; विशेषणम् (of annam)

Lord Agni (in discourse to sage Vasiṣṭha, Agni Purana narrative frame)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Ayurveda","secondary_vidya":"Philosophy","practical_application":"Avoid rājasa and tāmasa foods—overly pungent/drying items and impure/leftover/putrid fare—to reduce suffering, grief, and disease; maintain hygienic, fresh diet.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Definition","entry_title":"Rājasa and Tāmasa Āhāra: Tiṣkṣṇa–Rūkṣa vs. Ameḍhya–Ucchiṣṭa–Pūti","lookup_keywords":["rajasa ahara","tamasa ahara","tikshna ruksha","ucchishta","puti"],"quick_summary":"Rājasa food is characterized as sharp and drying and is linked to distress and illness; tāmasa food is impure—leftover, putrid, tasteless—leading to dullness and harm."}

Dosha: Tridosha

Concept: Food influences mind and experience: rājasa tends toward agitation and distress; tāmasa toward impurity and dullness—hence both are to be restrained for clarity and health.

Application: When emotional turbulence or lethargy increases, audit diet for rājasa/tāmasa triggers (irritants, staleness, impurity) and correct toward sāttvika choices.

Khanda Section: Ayurveda / Ahara-vidhi (Dietary classification by Guṇas: Sattva–Rajas–Tamas)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A contrast scene: on one side sharp, drying, overly spiced food causing distress; on the other side impure leftovers and putrid food symbolizing tamas; a discerning person rejects both.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, split-panel composition: left shows rājasa foods with red/orange tones (chilies, sharp spices) and an agitated eater; right shows tāmasa foods in dull gray-green tones (stale leftovers, covered pot with foul vapors); central figure practicing restraint, ornate borders","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting with gold accents, didactic triptych: rājasa plate (fiery spices) labeled tiṣkṣṇa-rūkṣa, tāmasa plate (stale/putrid) labeled ucchiṣṭa-pūti, central sādhaka refusing; rich background and temple arch frame","mysore_prompt":"Mysore style instructional chart-like painting: icons and labels for rājasa (sharp/dry) and tāmasa (impure/leftover/putrid/tasteless), calm figure pointing to ‘avoid’, clean lines and soft colors","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, kitchen and dining vignette: a physician-scholar advising a patron, showing two trays—over-spiced dry foods and stale leftovers—while attendants remove them; fine detailing, marginal annotations"}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Todi","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: duḥkhaśokāmayāyānnaṃ = duḥkha-śoka-āmaya-āya + annam; tīkṣṇarūkṣantu = tīkṣṇa-rūkṣam + tu; amedhyocchiṣṭapūtyannaṃ = amedhya-ucchiṣṭa-pūti-annam.

Related Themes: Agni Purana Ahara-vidhi: definitions of sāttvika/rājasa/tāmasa foods; Agni Purana Sadācāra: śauca (cleanliness) and ucchiṣṭa rules

R
Rajas
T
Tamas
G
Guṇas

FAQs

It gives an Ayurvedic-ethical classification of foods by guṇa: rājasa foods are pungent and drying and tend to generate distress and disease; tāmasa foods are impure (leftover/putrid), tasteless, and comparable items—guiding diet selection for health and mental clarity.

Beyond mythology, the Agni Purana preserves practical sciences like Ayurveda and conduct (ācāra) by codifying dietetics through guṇa-theory—linking physiology (taste/quality), psychology (rajas/tamas), and cleanliness norms (amedhya/ucchiṣṭa).

Choosing non-impure, non-tāmasa foods supports purity (śauca) and steadier mind; avoiding ucchiṣṭa/putrid fare reduces tamasic inertia and is treated as conducive to sattva-oriented practice and wholesome karma.