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Agni Purana — Dharma-shastra, Shloka 36

Śāva-āśauca and Sūtikā-śauca: Death/Childbirth Impurity, Preta-śuddhi, and Śrāddha Procedure

Chapter 157

कार्यमेव तथा भवेदिति छ , ङ , ञ च कार्यमेतत्तथा भवेदिति झ राजाज्ञाकारका इति ट न निर्दहेदिति ख तयोर्दोषो ऽभिजायते इति ङ सङ्ग्रामे जयमाप्नोति प्रेते ऽनाथे च काष्ठदः सङ्कल्प्य बान्धवं प्रेतमपसव्येन तां चितिं

kāryameva tathā bhavediti cha , ṅa , ña ca kāryametattathā bhavediti jha rājājñākārakā iti ṭa na nirdahediti kha tayordoṣo 'bhijāyate iti ṅa saṅgrāme jayamāpnoti prete 'nāthe ca kāṣṭhadaḥ saṅkalpya bāndhavaṃ pretamapasavyena tāṃ citiṃ

“कार्यमेव तथा भवेत्”—इति; “कार्यं एतत्तथा भवेत्”—इति च। राजाज्ञाकारकाः अपि (अत्र) गण्यन्ते। न निर्दहेत्; अन्यथा तयोर्दोषोऽभिजायते। सङ्ग्रामे जयमाप्नोति प्रेतेऽनाथे च काष्ठदः; सङ्कल्प्य बान्धवं प्रेतम् अपसव्येन तां चितिं गच्छेत्।

kāryam(it) should be done / a duty
kāryam:
Karma (कर्म/predicate object)
TypeNoun
Rootkārya (प्रातिपदिक; √kṛ धातु-निष्पन्न)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (here: predicate/what is to be done)
evaindeed/only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण (emphatic particle/अवधारणार्थक)
tathāthus
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण (adverb: thus/in that manner)
bhavetshould be
bhavet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
itithus (quoting)
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/समाप्ति-निपात (quotative particle)
cha(marker) ca
cha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootcha (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction; here: textual marker)
ṅa(letter marker) ṅa
ṅa:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootṅa (अव्यय)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/वर्ण-सूचक (textual letter marker)
ña(letter marker) ña
ña:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootña (अव्यय)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/वर्ण-सूचक (textual letter marker)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction)
kāryam(it) should be done
kāryam:
Karma (कर्म/predicate object)
TypeNoun
Rootkārya (प्रातिपदिक; √kṛ धातु-निष्पन्न)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
etatthis
etat:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण
tathāthus
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
bhavetshould be
bhavet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात (quotative)
jha(letter marker) jha
jha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootjha (अव्यय)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/वर्ण-सूचक (textual letter marker)
rājā-jñā-kārakāḥagents/executors of the king’s command
rājā-jñā-kārakāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक) + ājñā (प्रातिपदिक) + kāraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष (राज्ञः आज्ञा इति); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात
ṭa(letter marker) ṭa
ṭa:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootṭa (अव्यय)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/वर्ण-सूचक (textual letter marker)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (negation particle)
nirdhahetshould burn/cremate
nirdhahet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootnir-dah (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: निर्
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात
kha(letter marker) kha
kha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkha (अव्यय)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/वर्ण-सूचक (textual letter marker)
tayoḥof those two
tayoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, द्विवचन
doṣaḥfault/sin
doṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdoṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
abhijāyatearises (upon them)
abhijāyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-jan (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; उपसर्ग: अभि
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात
ṅa(letter marker) ṅa
ṅa:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootṅa (अव्यय)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/वर्ण-सूचक (textual letter marker)
saṅgrāmein battle
saṅgrāme:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṅgrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन
jayamvictory
jayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootjaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन
āpnotiattains
āpnoti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootāp (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
pretewhen there is a dead person / in the case of the dead
prete:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpreta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन
anāthewithout kin/support
anāthe:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanātha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (preta-विशेषण)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय (conjunction)
kāṣṭha-daḥone who gives wood (for the pyre)
kāṣṭha-daḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkāṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक) + dā (धातु; दा-प्रातिपदिक द)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष (काष्ठं ददाति इति); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
saṅkalpyahaving resolved/considered
saṅkalpya:
Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsaṅ-kḷp (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; उपसर्ग: सम्
bāndhavama kinsman
bāndhavam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbāndhava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
pretamthe dead person
pretam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpreta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
apasavyenawith the leftward (counterclockwise) manner
apasavyena:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootapasavya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (instrumental usage), तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (by the leftward manner)
tāmthat
tām:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण
citimfuneral pyre
citim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootciti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Lord Agni (in the Agni Purana’s primary narration, instructing the sage Vasiṣṭha)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Dharmashastra","secondary_vidya":"Arthashastra","practical_application":"Procedural rules for authorized cremation and charitable provision of fuel; includes king’s-command exception and ritual adoption/apasavya approach to the pyre.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Procedure","entry_title":"Kāṣṭha-dāna and apasavya approach for anātha-preta; authorization and fault","lookup_keywords":["kashtha-dana","raja-ajna","nirdahana-dosha","apasavya","sankalpya-bandhava"],"quick_summary":"Cremation-related acts must be done as prescribed and/or under proper authority; improper cremation creates mutual fault. Providing wood for an unprotected dead and ritually adopting him as kin, then approaching the pyre apasavya, yields great merit (even ‘victory in battle’ as a stated fruit)."}

Concept: Niyama (rule-bound action) and adhikāra (authorization) in rites; saṅkalpa transforms social relation (adopting as kin) to complete duty toward the dead.

Application: When aiding an unclaimed dead, make a clear saṅkalpa of kinship, follow apasavya protocol, and ensure rites are authorized and correctly performed to avoid doṣa.

Khanda Section: Śrāddha-vidhi / Antyeṣṭi (Funerary rites and post-death duties)

Primary Rasa: Shanta

Secondary Rasa: Veera

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A helper brings bundles of funeral wood to an unclaimed corpse’s pyre; he performs a mental saṅkalpa of kinship and approaches the pyre with yajñopavīta worn apasavya, while officials indicate royal authorization.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, cremation ground with stacked wood, attendant holding wood offerings, gesture of saṅkalpa at heart, sacred thread reversed, a royal messenger/insignia indicating rājājñā, solemn palette and stylized trees","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore style, central figure offering wood to the pyre, gold highlights on ritual thread and fire, minimal but iconic attendants, emphasis on dharma-phala (victory) symbolized by a small banner or conch motif","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting, didactic layout: correct apasavya thread position, approach to pyre, wood donation, small inset showing ‘improper cremation’ crossed out, fine detailing and soft colors","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, detailed wood bundles, officials with scroll/royal seal, cremation ground landscape, nuanced human expressions, careful depiction of apasavya thread and ritual gestures"}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Todi","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: kāryameva = kāryam eva; bhavediti = bhavet iti; kāryametat = kāryam etat; rājājñākārakāḥ = rājā-ājñā-kārakāḥ; nirdahediti = nirdhahet iti (nir-√dah, optative); tayordoṣo 'bhijāyate = tayoḥ doṣaḥ abhijāyate; jayamāpnoti = jayam āpnoti; prete 'nāthe = prete anāthe.

Related Themes: Agni Purana 157 (Antyeṣṭi rules; śauca follow-ups)

A
Agni
R
rājā (king)
P
preta (departed soul)
C
citi (funeral pyre)

FAQs

It teaches a specific pretakriyā rule: cremation must be done according to prescribed procedure; aiding an unclaimed deceased by providing pyre-wood is meritorious, and the helper should perform the act in apasavya mode (the funerary orientation).

It combines ritual law (antyeṣṭi procedure), social ethics (care for the anātha—one without relatives), and governance (mention of those acting under royal command), showing how the text integrates dharma, state function, and practical rites in one compendium.

Providing cremation wood for an unclaimed dead person is presented as a high-merit act yielding auspicious results (symbolized as “victory in battle”), while improper cremation creates doṣa (ritual fault) for all involved.