Vamana Purana — Sati's Death & Virabhadra, Shloka 8

Sati’s Death and the Assault on Daksha’s Sacrifice: Virabhadra versus the Devas

Devanagari script

गतास्तु ऋषयः सर्वे ऋषिपत्न्यः सुरास्तथा मातृष्वसः शशाङ्कश्च सपत्नीको गतः क्रतुम्

Transliteration

gatāstu ṛṣayaḥ sarve ṛṣipatnyaḥ surāstathā mātṛṣvasaḥ śaśāṅkaśca sapatnīko gataḥ kratum

Translation

Все риши уже отправились, и жёны риши, и боги также. Пошли и дяди по матери; и Шашанка (Луна) вместе со своей супругой направился на жертвоприношение (крату).

Word by Word

• gatāḥ: (they) having gone / went
• gatāḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया) / Bhāva (भाव)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु) + gata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग; past participle used predicatively

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), adversative/emphatic

• ṛṣayaḥ: sages
• ṛṣayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• sarve: all
• sarve: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण of ṛṣayaḥ

• ṛṣi-patnyaḥ: wives of the sages
• ṛṣi-patnyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक) + patnī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (ṛṣīṇāṃ patnyaḥ), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• surāḥ: gods
• surāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• tathā: also/likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय/उपमानार्थ adverb

• mātṛ-ṣvasaḥ: maternal uncles
• mātṛ-ṣvasaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + svasṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (mātuḥ svasāraḥ), पुल्लिङ्ग (usage), प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• śaśāṅkaḥ: the Moon (Śaśāṅka)
• śaśāṅkaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaśāṅka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)

• sa-patnīkaḥ: with (his) wife
• sa-patnīkaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + patnīka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि (यस्य पत्नī अस्ति), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण of śaśāṅkaḥ

• gataḥ: went
• gataḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु) + gata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग; predicative with śaśāṅkaḥ

• kratum: to the sacrifice (rite)
• kratum: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kratu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speakers

• Narratorial voice within the episode (specific speaker not identifiable from excerpt alone)

Primary Deities

• Chandra (Śaśāṅka)

Key Themes

• Yajña/kratu as cosmic-social convergence
• Participation of ṛṣis and devas
• Household and kinship networks around ritual

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Sacrifice is presented as a unifying dhārmic institution: sages, families, kin, and devas converge, implying that right ritual action sustains both social order and cosmic order (ṛta/dharma).

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa?

Primarily ācāra and narrative context (supporting dharma through depiction of yajña culture), not a direct sarga/pratisarga passage; it functions as episode-setting within broader purāṇic history/lineage storytelling.

What is the symbolic significance?

Including Śaśāṅka (Moon) ‘with his wife’ emphasizes completeness and auspiciousness (sa-patnīka participation) and signals that even luminary deities ‘attend’ dharma—ritual is portrayed as universally binding.