Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 75

Devanagari script

सर्वेषां हृदयावासः साक्षात्साक्षी त्वमेव हि । बहिरंतर्विना त्वां तु नह्यन्यं वेद्मि सर्वगम्

Transliteration

sarveṣāṃ hṛdayāvāsaḥ sākṣātsākṣī tvameva hi | bahiraṃtarvinā tvāṃ tu nahyanyaṃ vedmi sarvagam

Translation

Ты пребываешь в сердцах всех, и лишь Ты — непосредственный Свидетель. Кроме Тебя — внутри и снаружи — я не знаю иного всепроникающего Владыки.

Word by Word

• सर्वेषाम्: of all
• सर्वेषाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (Plural)

• हृदय-आवासः: dweller in the heart
• हृदय-आवासः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृदय (प्रातिपदिक) + आवास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• साक्षात्: directly, manifestly
• साक्षात्: Visheshana (Adverbial qualifier/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साक्षात् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• साक्षी: witness
• साक्षी: Karta (Subject complement/कर्ता-विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साक्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• एव: indeed, only
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle of emphasis)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: Sambandha (Causal/emphatic particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle)

• बहिः: outside
• बहिः: Desha (Locative sense/देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहिः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• अन्तः: inside
• अन्तः: Desha (Locative sense/देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्तः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• विना: without
• विना: Apadana (Separation/अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विना (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपपद-निपात (preposition governing accusative)

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• तु: but
• तु: Sambandha (Discourse particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (contrastive particle)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (Emphasis/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle)

• अन्यम्: another
• अन्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• वेद्मि: I know
• वेद्मि: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• सर्वगम्: all-pervading
• सर्वगम्: Karma (Object complement/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + ग (प्रातिपदिक; √गम्-सम्बद्ध)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

Speaker

Dhruva (addressing Bhagavān Viṣṇu)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Śaunaka and ṛṣis (frame typical)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A devotee in Kāśī offers a hymn of non-dual devotion, visualizing the Lord as the inner Witness shining in all hearts, with the Gaṅgā and Viśvanātha’s spire in the background.

Characters & Entities

• Dhruva
• Viṣṇu

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

God is the inner Witness (antaryāmin) present in all beings; true devotion recognizes no power higher than the all-pervading Lord.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The verse occurs in the Kāśīkhaṇḍa (Kāśī/Varanasi) narrative setting, where divine presence is emphasized as immediate and all-pervading.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No direct ritual is prescribed here; it is a devotional confession/stuti stressing inner realization.