Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 94

Devanagari script

रुण्णं तया किल तथा बहुमुक्तकंठमार्तस्वरैः प्रतिरवच्छलतो यथोच्चैः । तद्दुःखतोनुरुरुदुर्गिरिकंदरास्याः सर्वा दिशः स्थगितपत्रिमृगागमा हि

Transliteration

ruṇṇaṃ tayā kila tathā bahumuktakaṃṭhamārtasvaraiḥ pratiravacchalato yathoccaiḥ | tadduḥkhatonururudurgirikaṃdarāsyāḥ sarvā diśaḥ sthagitapatrimṛgāgamā hi

Translation

Она рыдала так сильно, что горло у неё снова и снова перехватывало, и в муке кричала так громко, что эхо многократно отзывалось. От напора той скорби даже уста горных пещер словно завыли, и все стороны света наполнились и как бы притихли: птицы и звери умолкли.

Word by Word

• ruṇṇam: (having) wept; cried
• ruṇṇam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rud (धातु) → ruṇṇa (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/क्तवत्-प्रत्ययार्थ), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; past passive participle ‘wept/cried’ used adjectivally

• tayā: by her
• tayā: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; instrumental ‘by her’

• kila: indeed; it is said
• kila: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kila (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात/पदार्थसूचक; emphatic/quotative particle

• tathā: thus; in that way
• tathā: Adhikarana (Manner/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; manner-adverb

• bahu-mukta-kaṇṭha-mārta-svaraiḥ: with loud, distressed cries (from an unrestrained throat)
• bahu-mukta-kaṇṭha-mārta-svaraiḥ: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bahu (प्रातिपदिक) + mukta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + kaṇṭha (प्रातिपदिक) + ārta (प्रातिपदिक) + svara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: बहुमुक्तकण्ठमार्तस्वर (बहु + मुक्तकण्ठ + आर्तस्वर); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), बहुवचन; instrumental plural ‘with/through loud distressed cries’

• prati-ravat: echoing back; resounding
• prati-ravat: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rū (धातु) / rav (धातु) → ravat (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) with prati- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ/वत्-प्रत्ययार्थ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘resounding/echoing back’

• acchalataḥ: of (it) moving/rolling
• acchalataḥ: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: chal (धातु) → acchalat (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; genitive ‘of (it) moving/rolling’ (used with prati-ravat)

• yathā: as
• yathā: Sambandha (Comparative/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; comparative particle ‘as/according as’

• uccaiḥ: aloud; loudly
• uccaiḥ: Adhikarana (Manner/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: uccaiḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; adverb ‘aloud/high’

• tat-duḥkhataḥ: from that sorrow
• tat-duḥkhataḥ: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम) + duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक) + -tas (तसिल्)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव/तसिलन्त-अव्यय; ‘from that sorrow’ (ablatival adverb)

• anu-ruruḥ: cried in response; echoed
• anu-ruruḥ: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: rud (धातु) with anu- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्षभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; ‘cried after/echoed’

• durgiri-kaṃdarā-asyāḥ: of the mountain-cave mouth
• durgiri-kaṃdarā-asyāḥ: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dur (उपसर्ग/प्रातिपदिक) + giri (प्रातिपदिक) + kaṃdarā (प्रातिपदिक) + āsya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: दुर्गिरिकन्दरास्या (कन्दराया āsyaṃ यस्याः/कन्दरामुखी); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; ‘of the (cave-)mouth of the hard mountain’

• sarvāḥ: all
• sarvāḥ: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; agrees with diśaḥ

• diśaḥ: directions; quarters
• diśaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: diś (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; subject

• sthagita-patri-mṛga-āgamāḥ: whose coming of birds and beasts was stopped
• sthagita-patri-mṛga-āgamāḥ: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sthagita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + patri (प्रातिपदिक) + mṛga (प्रातिपदिक) + āgama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास: स्थगितपत्रिमृगागम (स्थगितः + पत्रिमृगाणाम् आगमः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; agrees with diśaḥ (poetic gender-shift possible)

• hi: indeed; for
• hi: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात; causal/emphatic particle

Speaker

Narrator (within Skanda–Agastya dialogue context)

Characters & Entities

• Kāśī
• Skanda
• Agastya

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

It shows how intense grief shakes the outer world, preparing the narrative for refuge in divine power and dharma.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The broader frame is Kāśī in the Kāśīkhaṇḍa, though this particular verse is a scene-setting lament rather than a named tīrtha.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None in this verse; it is descriptive narration of lamentation and its echoing impact.