Rig Veda 8.9.13: Mandala 8, Sukta 9, Mantra 13

Sukta 8.9

Rishi: Kāṇva (Kaṇva lineage)

Devata: Aśvinau

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यदद्याश्विनावहं हुवेय वाजसातये । यत्पृत्सु तुर्वणे सहस्तच्छ्रेष्ठमश्विनोरवः ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.9.13

Transliteration

yád adyā́śvināv aháṃ huvḗya vā́jasātaye | yát pṛtsú turváṇe sáhas tác chrḗṣṭham aśvínor ávaḥ ||

Translation

Если сегодня я призову Ашвинов ради завоевания vāja — полноты силы и изобилия, — то в битвах, для одоления, эта мощь есть наилучшая помощь Ашвинов.

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Word by Word

• यत्: when/if/that
• यत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (relative pronoun used as conjunction)
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• अद्य: today/now
• अद्य: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (avyaya)

• आश्विनाव्: O Aśvins
• आश्विनाव्: Sampradāna (addressed recipients)
• Type: Noun (dual proper epithet)
• Root: आश्विन (prātipadika; ‘of the Aśvins’)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• हुवेय: may I invoke/call
• हुवेय: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ह्वे (ह्वयति/ह्वयते) ‘to call, invoke’

• वाजसातये: for the winning of the prize (strength)
• वाजसातये: Sampradāna (purpose/benefit)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाजसाति (prātipadika; ‘winning of prize/strength’)

• यत्: when/that
• यत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (relative pronoun used as conjunction)
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• पृत्सु: in battles
• पृत्सु: Adhikaraṇa (location/sphere)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृत्/पृत्स् (prātipadika; ‘battle, contest’)

• तुर्वणे: (with/for) Túrvaṇa / the impetuous one
• तुर्वणे: Adhikaraṇa (with/at/for Túrvaṇa—contextual locus/association)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: तुर्वण (prātipadika; epithet ‘overpowering/impetuous’; also used as a proper/epithetic name in RV)

• सहः: strength, might
• सहः: Karma (that which is achieved/manifested)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस् (prātipadika; ‘strength, might’)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (correlative ‘that’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• श्रेष्ठम्: best, most excellent
• श्रेष्ठम्: Karma (predicate/qualifier of ‘that’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रेष्ठ (prātipadika; superlative of √श्रि/श्री ‘to excel, be eminent’)

• अश्विनोः: of the Aśvins
• अश्विनोः: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun (dual proper)
• Root: अश्विन् (prātipadika; the Aśvins)

• अवः: help, aid, favor
• अवः: Karma (the ‘help’ being spoken of)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (prātipadika; ‘help, aid, favor’)