Rig Veda 8.46.9: Mandala 8, Sukta 46, Mantra 9

Sukta 8.46

Devata: Indra (implied by epithets: maghavan/vṛtrahan context in nearby verses; savana-invocation typical of Indra)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यो दुष्टरो विश्ववार श्रवाय्यो वाजेष्वस्ति तरुता । स नः शविष्ठ सवना वसो गहि गमेम गोमति व्रजे ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.46.9

Transliteration

yó duṣṭáro viśvavāra śravā́yyo vā́jeṣv ásti tarutā́ | sá naḥ śaviṣṭha savánā ā v́aso gahi gaméma gómati vráje ||

Translation

Тот, кого трудно одолеть, о все-дарующий, достойный славословия, кто в битвах за добычу есть победоносная сила,— приди к нашим сомным возлияниям, о наимогущественный, о даритель богатства; да достигнем мы светлого загона, богатого коровами.

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• दुष्टरः: hard to overcome / unconquerable
• दुष्टरः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुष्-तर (दुष् + √तॄ/तॄ ‘to cross’ + तर-प्रत्ययः)

• विश्ववार: O all-bounteous / all-desirable one
• विश्ववार: (Sambodhana)
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: विश्व-वार (समासः: विश्व ‘all’ + वार ‘choice/boon, desirable’)

• श्रवाय्यः: worthy of praise/fame
• श्रवाय्यः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रव-आय्य (श्रवस् ‘fame’ + -आय्य प्रत्ययः ‘worthy of’)

• वाजेषु: in contests / in prizes (vigor, race)
• वाजेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्ति: is
• अस्ति: (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (भू-सत्तायाम्)

• तरुता: overcoming power / victorious might
• तरुता: Kartā
• Type: Noun (abstract/agentive)
• Root: तरुत्/तरुता (√तॄ ‘to cross, overcome’ से भाव/कर्तृ-नाम)

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नः: for us / of us
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• शविष्ठ: O most mighty
• शविष्ठ: (Sambodhana)
• Type: Adjective (superlative, vocative)
• Root: शविष्ठ (शवस् ‘might’ + इष्ठ-तम)

• सवनानि: pressings / Soma-rites
• सवनानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवन (प्रातिपदिक)

• वसो: O good one / O bounteous one
• वसो: (Sambodhana)
• Type: Noun (vocative epithet)
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)

• गहि: come!
• गहि: (imperative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (गतौ)

• गमेम: may we go / may we attain
• गमेम: (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (गतौ)

• गोमति: to/into (a place) rich in cattle
• गोमति: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गोमत् (गो ‘cow’ + मतुप्)

• व्रजे: in the pen/enclosure; settlement
• व्रजे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रज (प्रातिपदिक)