Rig Veda 7.37.3: Mandala 7, Sukta 37, Mantra 3

Sukta 7.37

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional attribution for Maṇḍala 7; specific verse-level r̥ṣi not supplied in input)

Devata: Indra (Maghavan)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 7.37; not explicitly provided in input)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उवोचिथ हि मघवन्देष्णं महो अर्भस्य वसुनो विभागे । उभा ते पूर्णा वसुना गभस्ती न सूनृता नि यमते वसव्या ॥

Transliteration

uvóci̱tha hí maghavan deṣṇáṃ mahó árbhasya vásuno vibhāgé | ubhā́ te pūrṇā́ vásunā gabhastī́ ná sūnṛ́tā ní yámate vasavyā́ ||

Translation

Ты ведь возгласил, о Магхаван, уделение Великого и Малого в распределении внутренних богатств. Обе твои руки полны сокровищ; не сдерживается твоя прямодушная, светлая Речь, и не стесняется сила изобилия.

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Word by Word

• उवोचिथ: you have spoken / you said
• उवोचिथ: — (finite verb/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (√वच् ‘to speak’)

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (particle)

• मघवन्: O bountiful one (Indra)
• मघवन्: सम्बोधन (address)
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: मघवन् (prātipadika; epithet of Indra ‘bountiful’)

• एषणम्: seeking, quest; desire
• एषणम्: कर्म (object of ‘you said’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एषण (prātipadika from √इष्/इष् ‘to seek, desire’)

• महो: of the great (one/thing)
• महो: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: महत् (prātipadika ‘great’)

• अर्भस्य: of the young/small one
• अर्भस्य: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्भ (prātipadika ‘small, young; child’)

• वसुनः: of wealth / of the good (treasure)
• वसुनः: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (prātipadika ‘good, wealth, treasure’)

• विभागे: in the distribution/apportionment
• विभागे: अधिकरण (locus: ‘in/at the distribution’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वि-भाग (prātipadika; from √भज् ‘to apportion, distribute’)

• उभा: both
• उभा: कर्तृ/कर्म-सम्बन्ध (agreement with subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उभ (prātipadika ‘both’)

• ते: of you / your
• ते: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (pronominal stem)

• पूर्णा: full
• पूर्णा: कर्तृ-विशेषण (predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्ण (prātipadika ‘full’)

• वसुना: with wealth
• वसुना: करण (means: ‘with/by wealth’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (prātipadika ‘wealth’)

• गभस्ती: (your) two hands
• गभस्ती: कर्तृ (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गभस्ति (prātipadika ‘hand; ray’; in RV often ‘hands’)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (particle)

• सूनृता: good/true speech; gracious praise
• सूनृता: कर्तृ (subject of ‘यमते’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूनृता (prātipadika ‘kindly/true speech; good praise’)

• नि: down, in; (intensifying with ‘यमते’)
• नि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नि (preverb) अव्यय

• यमते: is held back / is restrained
• यमते: — (finite verb/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यम् (√यम् ‘to restrain, hold back’; with नि-)

• वसव्या: by (your) bounteous/vasu-like generosity
• वसव्या: करण (means/cause)
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially/predicatively)
• Root: वसव्य (prātipadika ‘belonging to the Vasus; wealthy/bounteous’)