Rig Veda 5.52.10: Mandala 5, Sukta 52, Mantra 10

Sukta 5.52

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (traditional ascription for RV 5.52)

Devata: Maruts (as path-opening powers); possibly also the abstract ‘Vistāra’ as functional epithet within Marut-action

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs pada-count confirmation)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आपथयो विपथयोऽन्तस्पथा अनुपथाः । एतेभिर्मह्यं नामभिर्यज्ञं विष्टार ओहते ॥

Transliteration

ā́pathayo vípathayo ’ntáspatḥā ánupathāḥ | etébhir máhyaṃ nā́mabhir yajñáṃ vi-stā́ra óhate ||

Translation

Прокладывающие пути и разрушающие пути, идущие внутренними тропами и следующими тропами — этими именами для меня Широкий-Распространитель разверзает жертвоприношение.

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Word by Word

• आ-पथयः: those who are on the right path / path-following
• आ-पथयः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पथ (प्रातिपदिक) + उपसर्ग आ-

• वि-पथयः: those who go astray / on divergent paths
• वि-पथयः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पथ (प्रातिपदिक) + उपसर्ग वि-

• अन्तः-पथाः: those of the inner/middle path
• अन्तः-पथाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्तर् (अव्यय/उपसर्गीय) + पथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनु-पथाः: those who follow along a path / followers
• अनु-पथाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पथ (प्रातिपदिक) + उपसर्ग अनु-

• एतेभिः: with/by these
• एतेभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मह्यम्: to me / for me
• मह्यम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नामभिः: with names / by names
• नामभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञम्: the sacrifice
• यज्ञम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• विष्टारः: the expander/spreader (name/epithet)
• विष्टारः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्टार (प्रातिपदिक; ‘विस्तार/विस्तारक’)

• ओहते: conveys/assigns (brings, applies)
• ओहते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ऊह् (धातु; वेद. ‘ओहते’)