Rig Veda 1.9.4 — Mandala 1, Sukta 9, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.9

Rishi: Medhātithi Kāṇva (attributed for RV 1.9 as a Kāṇva hymn; verse-level attribution not separately marked)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable for RV 1.9; this verse fits the short tri-pāda cadence typical of Indra-gāyatrīs)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

असृग्रमिन्द्र ते गिरः प्रति त्वामुदहासत । अजोषा वृषभं पतिम् ॥

Transliteration

asṛ́gram indra te gíraḥ práti tvām úd ahāsata | ájoṣā vṛṣabháṃ pátim ||

Translation

О Индра, наши вдохновенные речи хлынули к тебе и поднялись навстречу — чтобы обрести тебя, Быка, Владыку; (тебя,) благосклонного, умножающего в нас силу души.

Word by Word

• असृग्रम्: they streamed forth / they poured out
• असृग्रम्: Kriyā (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृज् (धातु) ← सृज् ‘स्रज्/सृज्’ (to send forth, let flow)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambodhana (addressed deity)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: your
• ते: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (genitival relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• गिरः: songs / hymns
• गिरः: Kartā (agent of ‘laugh/cry out/stream’ in the clause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिर् (स्त्री) ‘song, hymn, voice’

• प्रति: towards
• प्रति: Adhikaraṇa/Direction marker (towards)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma (goal/object of ‘towards’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• उद्: up, out (forth)
• उद्: Verb-modifier (preverb)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: उद् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• अहासत: laughed / exulted
• अहासत: Kriyā (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हस् (धातु) ‘to laugh, exult’

• अजोषाः: you did not accept / you did not enjoy
• अजोषाः: Kriyā (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जुष् (धातु) ‘to be pleased with, enjoy, accept’ (with privative/negative a- in Vedic usage here)

• वृषभम्: the bull
• वृषभम्: Karma (object of ‘accept/enjoy’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृषभ (प्रातिपदिक) ‘bull’

• पतिम्: the lord / master
• पतिम्: Karma (appositional object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक) ‘lord, master’