Rig Veda 1.178.4 — Mandala 1, Sukta 178, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.178

Rishi: Agastya (traditional attribution for RV 1.178)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable/standard for this section; requires confirmation against a pada-count scan)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

एवा नृभिरिन्द्रः सुश्रवस्या प्रखादः पृक्षो अभि मित्रिणो भूत् । समर्य इषः स्तवते विवाचि सत्राकरो यजमानस्य शंसः ॥

Transliteration

evā nṛ́bhir índraḥ suśravasyā́ prakhā́daḥ pṛ́kṣo abhí mitríṇo bhūt | samaryé íṣaḥ stavate vívāci satrā́karo yajamānasya śáṃsaḥ ||

Translation

Так, с силами в человеке, Индра становится устремлённым вперёд сокрушителем благой слышимости и светозарной славы; он становится лицом к лицу с дружественными силами. В сражении порывы мощи утверждаются многоречием; хвала жертвователя — творец прямого, непрерывного (пути/течения).

Word by Word

• एवा: thus, just so
• एवा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• नृभिः: with men, by men
• नृभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र

• सुश्रवस्याः: of good fame / of good renown
• सुश्रवस्याः: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun (abstract/feminine)
• Root: सुश्रवस्या

• प्रखादः: the cleaver/hew-er forth; the one who breaks open (obstacles)
• प्रखादः: Kartā (apposition to इन्द्रः)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (agentive epithet)
• Root: प्र-खाद

• पृक्षः: the strong one; the vigorous/bull-like
• पृक्षः: Kartā (apposition to इन्द्रः)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: पृक्ष

• अभि: towards, against, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/preposition)
• Root: अभि

• मित्रिणः: the allied/friendly ones; companions
• मित्रिणः: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मित्रिन्

• भूत्: became; came to be
• भूत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू

• समर्यः: the battle-companion; the fighter
• समर्यः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: समर्य

• इषः: refreshments; invigorations; offerings/impulses
• इषः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इष् / इषा

• स्तवते: is praised; receives praise
• स्तवते: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्तु

• विवाचि: in/with clear utterance; in distinct speech
• विवाचि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective (kṛdanta-like, Vedic)
• Root: वि-वाच्

• सत्राकरः: one who acts straightway/always; constant doer
• सत्राकरः: Kartā (apposition)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (agentive compound)
• Root: सत्रा-कर

• यजमानस्य: of the sacrificer
• यजमानस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यजमान

• शंसः: praise; eulogy
• शंसः: Kartā (subject-noun: ‘praise’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शंस