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Shloka 40

Devanagari script

ततोऽपरेणभल्लेनपीतेननिशितेन च ।।।।सम्पूर्णायतमुक्तेनसुपत्रेणसुवर्चसा ।महेन्द्राशनिकल्पेनसूतस्यविचरिष्यतः ।।।।स तेनबाणाशनिनातलशब्दानुवादिना ।लाघवाद्राघवःश्रीमान् शिरःकायादपाहरत् ।।।।

Transliteration

tato 'pareṇa bhallena pītena niśitena ca |

sampūrṇāyatamuktena supatreṇa suvarcasā |

mahendrāśanikalpena sūtasya vicariṣyataḥ |

sa tena bāṇāśaninā talaśabdānuvādinā |

lāghavād rāghavaḥ śrīmān śiraḥ kāyād apāharat ||

Translation

Затем славный Рагхава, сияющей и острой стрелой бхалла — натянутой до конца и отпущенной, с прекрасным оперением и блеском, подобной громовой молнии Индры, — поразил возничего, метавшегося в движении; и этой стрелой, звучавшей как удар грома, он стремительно отсек голову от тела.

Word by Word
tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
Formअनन्तरार्थक-अव्यय (then/thereupon)
apareṇawith another
apareṇa:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootapara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसक (context: भल्लेन), तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भल्लेन इति विशेषणम् (with another)
bhallenawith a bhalla-arrow
bhallena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhalla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
pītenagolden/yellow
pītena:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpīta (कृदन्त; √pā/√pī?; here ‘yellow/golden’)
Formकृदन्त/विशेषण, पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भल्लेन इति विशेषणम्
niśitenasharp
niśitena:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootniśita (कृदन्त; √śi/√niś?; sharpened)
Formकृदन्त (PPP used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भल्लेन इति विशेषणम्
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
sampūrṇa-āyata-muktenareleased with full draw
sampūrṇa-āyata-muktena:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsampūrṇa + āyata + mukta (कृदन्त; √muc)
Formसमास-विशेषण, पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भल्लेन इति विशेषणम्; अवयवाः: सम्पूर्ण (full) + आयत (drawn/extended) + मुक्त (released)
supatreṇawith good feathers
supatreṇa:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu-patra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भल्लेन इति विशेषणम्; समासः: सु + पत्र (fine-feathered)
suvarcasāwith splendid radiance
suvarcasā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu-varcas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (varcas), तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भल्लेन इति विशेषणम्; समासः: सु + वर्चस् (splendid-lustred)
mahendra-aśani-kalpenalike Indra's thunderbolt
mahendra-aśani-kalpena:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahendra + aśani + kalpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भल्लेन इति विशेषणम्; समासः: महेन्द्रस्य अशनि इव कल्पः (like Indra's thunderbolt)
sūtasyaof the charioteer
sūtasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
vicariṣyataḥas he was moving about
vicariṣyataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-√car (कृदन्त; भविष्यत्-प्रत्यय, present/future participle)
Formकृदन्त (शतृ/शानच्-समकक्षः; here future/intentional participle), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सूतस्य इति विशेषणम् (of the one moving about)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
tenawith that
tena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसक, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
bāṇa-aśanināwith the thunderbolt-like arrow
bāṇa-aśaninā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootbāṇa + aśani (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः: बाणः एव अशनि (arrow like a thunderbolt)
tala-śabda-anuvādināechoing a clapping/striking sound
tala-śabda-anuvādinā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottala + śabda + anuvādin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बाणाशनिना इति विशेषणम्; समासः: तलस्य शब्दम् अनुवादयति इति (echoing the sound of the bow/hand)
lāghavātdue to swiftness
lāghavāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootlāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/हेतु), एकवचन
rāghavaḥRāghava (Rama/Lakṣmaṇa)
rāghavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
śrīmānillustrious
śrīmān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśrīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; राघवः इति विशेषणम्
śiraḥhead
śiraḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśiras (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
kāyātfrom the body
kāyāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootkāya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन
apāharatremoved, severed
apāharat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootapa-√hṛ (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
Context

Then glorious Raghava with pointed bhalla furnished with beautiful plumes, splendid, deadly as Indra's thunderbolt, released and as it resounded the hit of the sword and severed the head from the body of the charioteer, who was driving in circles.

Characters & Entities
R
Rāghava (Rāma)
M
Mahendra (Indra)
S
Sūta (charioteer)
B
Bhalla (arrow)

FAQs

Dharma in kingship and war includes ending a grave threat decisively. The verse portrays righteous might (śakti) used with mastery and speed to neutralize the enemy’s operational support, aiming at restoring order.

Rāma releases a powerful bhalla arrow and kills the enemy charioteer by severing his head.

Vīrya (valor) combined with lāghava (swift, effective execution).

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