Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 30, Shloka 15

शार्दूलचरवृत्तान्तः

Saardula’s Spy-Report on Rama’s Camp and the Vanara Host

Devanagari script

यदिमांप्रतियुध्येरन्देवगन्धर्वदानवाः ।नैवसीतांप्रदास्यामिसर्वलोकभयादपि ।।6.30.15।।

Transliteration

yadi māṃ pratiyudhyeran devagandharvadānavāḥ | naiva sītāṃ pradāsyāmi sarvalokabhayād api ||6.30.15||

Translation

Даже если против меня выступят девы, гандхарвы и данавы, и даже если все миры станут мне угрозой, я не отдам Ситу.

Word by Word

• यदि: even if
• यदि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तार्थक-अव्यय; conditional particle ‘if/even if’

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्रतियुध्येरन्: were to fight against
• प्रतियुध्येरन्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति-युध् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (सम्भावना/optative), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; ‘should fight against’

• देवगन्धर्वदानवाः: Devas, Gandharvas and Danavas
• देवगन्धर्वदानवाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक) + गन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + दानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘Devas, Gandharvas, and Danavas’

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय; negation

• एव: at all/indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय; emphatic

• सीताम्: Sita
• सीताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• प्रदास्यामि: I will give
• प्रदास्यामि: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-दा (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (भविष्यत्), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘I will give’

• सर्वलोकभयात्: from fear of all worlds
• सर्वलोकभयात्: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + लोक (प्रातिपदिक) + भय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (सर्वलोकस्य भयम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान), एकवचन; ‘from fear of all worlds’

• अपि: even
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक-अव्यय; ‘even/also’

Context

Glorious Ravana having spoken like that, again said (to Saardula), "You moved about in the army (camp) there. Tell me who among the monkeys are warriors?"

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Sītā
• Devas
• Gandharvas
• Dānavas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

As a negative example, it shows the collapse of dharma when one clings to wrongdoing despite universal consequence; truth and justice demand restitution, not defiance.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa replies to the report by declaring that no force—even divine—will compel him to return Sītā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Not virtue but a vice: stubborn pride (ahaṅkāra) and attachment that overrides moral duty.