Valmiki Ramayana 2.93.21 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 93, Shloka 21

चित्रकूटमार्गवर्णनम्

Bharata’s Army Reaches Chitrakuta and Searches for Rama

Devanagari script

भरतस्य वचश्श्रुत्वा पुरुषाश्शस्त्रपाणयः। विविशु स्तद्वनं शूरा धूमं च ददृशु स्ततः।।2.93.21।।

Transliteration

bharatasya vacaḥ śrutvā puruṣāḥ śastrapāṇayaḥ | viviśus tad vanaṃ śūrā dhūmaṃ ca dadṛśus tataḥ ||2.93.21||

Translation

Услышав повеление Бхараты, храбрые мужи с оружием в руках вошли в тот лес; и тогда увидели там поднимающийся дым.

Word by Word

• bharatasya: of Bharata
• bharatasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana

• vacaḥ: words
• vacaḥ: Karma (कर्म/object of hearing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacas (वचस्) (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त) from √śru (श्रु)

• puruṣāḥ: men
• puruṣāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

• śastrapāṇayaḥ: weapon-in-hand
• śastrapāṇayaḥ: Karta-dharma (कर्तृधर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śastra + pāṇi (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; bahuvrīhi: 'śastrāṇi pāṇau yeṣām' (those who have weapons in hand)

• viviśuḥ: entered
• viviśuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: viś (धातु) + vi (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्, perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Bahuvacana; parasmaipada

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; demonstrative used adjectivally with 'vanam'

• vanam: forest
• vanam: Karma (कर्म/object of entering)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• śūrāḥ: valiant
• śūrāḥ: Karta-dharma (कर्तृधर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śūra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; agrees with puruṣāḥ

• dhūmam: smoke
• dhūmam: Karma (कर्म/object of seeing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhūma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samucchaya-nipāta

• dadṛśuḥ: saw
• dadṛśuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Bahuvacana; parasmaipada

• tataḥ: then/thereupon
• tataḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (adverb of time/place)

Context

Hearing the words of Bharata, those valiant warriors with weapons in their hands entered the forest. Therafter, they observed a spiral of smoke rising.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• forest
• smoke (dhūma)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes disciplined service: the warriors obey a legitimate, duty-bound command aimed at a righteous objective.

What is the narrative situation?

The troops enter the forest on Bharata’s order and notice smoke, suggesting human presence.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective duty and courage—the soldiers act promptly and bravely in service of their leader’s dharmic mission.