Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 91, Shloka 70

भरद्वाजाश्रमे भरतसैन्यस्य दिव्यात्मिथ्यम् / Divine Hospitality to Bharata’s Army at Bharadvaja’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

बभूवुर्वनपार्श्वेषु कूपाः पायसकर्दमाः।ताश्चकामदुघा गावो द्रुमाश्चासन्मधुश्च्युतः।।।।

Transliteration

babhūvur vanapārśveṣu kūpāḥ pāyasakardamāḥ |

tāś ca kāmadughā gāvo drumāś cāsan madhuścyutaḥ ||

Translation

У кромки леса появились колодцы, полные густого сладкого паясы; там были коровы, исполняющие желания, и деревья, источающие мёд.

Word by Word

• babhūvuḥ: came to be / appeared
• babhūvuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (plural)

• vana-pārśveṣu: at the forest-sides / along the forest edge
• vana-pārśveṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक) + pārśva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), बहुवचन (plural)

• kūpāḥ: wells
• kūpāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), बहुवचन (plural)

• pāyasa-kardamāḥ: having rice-milk as mud / with pāyasa-slush
• pāyasa-kardamāḥ: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pāyasa (प्रातिपदिक) + kardama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन (plural); विशेषण (adjective) of kūpāḥ

• tāḥ: those (f.)
• tāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन (plural); सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• kāma-dughāḥ: wish-fulfilling (yielding as desired)
• kāma-dughāḥ: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāma (प्रातिपदिक) + duh (धातु) → dugha (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन (plural); विशेषण (adjective) of gāvaḥ; कृदन्त: -घ (dugha) 'milking/yielding'

• gāvaḥ: cows
• gāvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: go (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), बहुवचन (plural)

• drumāḥ: trees
• drumāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: druma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), बहुवचन (plural)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• āsan: were
• āsan: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (plural)

• madhu-ścyutaḥ: dripping honey
• madhu-ścyutaḥ: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: madhu (प्रातिपदिक) + ścyut (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √scyut/√cyut)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन (plural); विशेषण (adjective) of drumāḥ; कृदन्त: भूतकृदन्त/विशेषणार्थ 'dripping'

Context

O venerable one a king or a prince ought to intentionally avoid those places occupied by ascetics.

Characters & Entities

• payāsa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The imagery links dharmic order with prosperity: when righteousness prevails, nature and resources seem to cooperate in sustaining society.

What is the narrative situation?

The narrator describes extraordinary, almost miraculous abundance arranged/manifest near the forest boundary for those present.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Auspicious stewardship—creating (or being worthy of) conditions where sustenance is plentiful and accessible.