Valmiki Ramayana 2.91.49 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 91, Shloka 49

भरद्वाजाश्रमे भरतसैन्यस्य दिव्यात्मिथ्यम् / Divine Hospitality to Bharata’s Army at Bharadvaja’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

बिल्वा मार्दङ्गिका आसन् शम्याग्राहा विभीतकाः।अश्वत्था नर्तकाश्चासन्भरद्वाजस्य शासनात्।।।।

Transliteration

bilvā mārdaṅgikā āsan śamyāgrāhā vibhītakāḥ |

aśvatthā nartakāś cāsan bharadvājasya śāsanāt ||

Translation

По повелению Бхарадваджи деревья билва стали барабанщиками, вибхитака — играющими на цимбалах, а ашваттха — танцорами.

Word by Word

• बिल्वाः: bilva trees
• बिल्वाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बिल्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• मार्दङ्गिकाः: drummers
• मार्दङ्गिकाः: प्रथमा-समानााधिकरण (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्दङ्गिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — predicate noun

• आसन्: were, became
• आसन्: क्रिया (Copula)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• शम्या-ग्राहाः: cymbal-players
• शम्या-ग्राहाः: प्रथमा-समानााधिकरण (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शम्या (प्रातिपदिक) + ग्राह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: शम्यां गृह्णन्ति/वादयन्ति इति; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — predicate noun

• विभीतकाः: vibhītaka trees
• विभीतकाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभीतक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• अश्वत्थाः: aśvattha (pipal) trees
• अश्वत्थाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्वत्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• नर्तकाः: dancers
• नर्तकाः: प्रथमा-समानााधिकरण (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर्तक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन — predicate noun

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• आसन्: were, became
• आसन्: क्रिया (Copula)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• भरद्वाजस्य: of Bharadvāja
• भरद्वाजस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरद्वाज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• शासनात्: by (his) command
• शासनात्: हेतु/अपादान
• Type: Noun
• Root: शासन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन

Context

Why did you, O Bharata, the best of men, station your army at a distance before coming here? Could you not approach me along with your army?

Characters & Entities

• Bharadvāja
• bilva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is harmony: nature itself is depicted as participating in righteous hospitality, suggesting that right order aligns beings toward auspicious action.

What is the narrative situation?

Miraculous festivity unfolds at the hermitage—trees take on roles of performers for Bharata’s welcome.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharadvāja’s spiritual authority (ṛṣi-tejas) directed toward service and auspicious reception.