Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 46, Shloka 32

तमसातीरवासः

Night on the Bank of the Tamasa and the Stratagem to Elude the Citizens

Devanagari script

रामस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा तथा चक्रे स सारथिः।प्रत्यागम्य च रामस्य स्यन्दनं प्रत्यवेदयत्।।2.46.32।।

Transliteration

rāmasya vacanaṃ śrutvā tathā cakre sa sārathiḥ | pratyāgamya ca rāmasya syandanaṃ pratyavedayat ||2.46.32||

Translation

Услышав слова Рамы, возничий поступил именно так; вернувшись, он доложил Раме, что колесница готова.

Word by Word

• tau: those two
• tau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)

• samprayuktam: well-yoked
• samprayuktam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-pra-√yuj > samprayukta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: PPP (क्त); Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifies ratham

• tu: indeed/but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• ratham: chariot
• ratham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• samāsthitau: were seated
• samāsthitau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-√sthā > samāsthita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: PPP (क्त) used predicatively; Masculine, Nominative, Dual; 'having mounted/being seated'

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• sasītau: together with Sita
• sasītau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa-sītā (प्रातिपदिक: sa + sītā)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa with 'sa-' = 'with'; Masculine, Nominative, Dual; qualifies tau

• raghuvaṃśavardhanau: enhancers of Raghu’s lineage
• raghuvaṃśavardhanau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raghu-vaṃśa-vardhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa chain; Masculine, Nominative, Dual; epithet of the two (Rama & Lakshmana)

• pracodayāmāsa: urged on
• pracodayāmāsa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√cud (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (लिट्, perfect), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular; causative/intensive sense 'urged on'

• tataḥ: then/thereafter
• tataḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (ततः = thereafter/from there)

• turaṅgamān: horses
• turaṅgamān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: turaṅgama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural (बहुवचन)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• sārathiḥ: charioteer
• sārathiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sārathi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• yena: by which
• yena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Relative pronoun, Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

• pathā: by the path/route
• pathā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pathin/patha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

• tapovanam: to the ascetic grove
• tapovanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapo-vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) 'forest of austerities'; Neuter, Accusative, Singular; goal-object with motion implied

Context

What distresses me is the thought that both father and illustrious mother maybecome blind by repeated weeping (over us).

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sumantra
• Chariot

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in service: faithful execution of rightful instructions, performed responsibly and without self-serving interference.

What is the narrative situation?

Sumantra carries out Rama’s plan to misdirect the citizens and then returns to report completion.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Loyalty and disciplined service—Sumantra acts precisely as directed.