Shloka 29

पञ्चवटी-निवासः

Settlement at Pañcavaṭī and Construction of the Hermitage

Devanagari script

भावज्ञेन कृतज्ञेन धर्मज्ञेन च लक्ष्मण।त्वया पुत्रेण धर्मात्मा न संवृत्तः पिता मम।।।।

Transliteration

bhāva-jñena kṛta-jñena dharma-jñena ca lakṣmaṇa |

tvayā putreṇa dharmātmā na saṃvṛttaḥ pitā mama || 3.15.29 ||

Translation

О Лакшмана, ибо у меня есть ты — брат, как сын: понимающий сердце другого, благодарный и знающий дхарму, — мой праведный отец словно не утрачен для меня.

Word by Word

• भावज्ञेन: by (you) who know feelings
• भावज्ञेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भावज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया (Instr. 3), एकवचन; समासः भाव + ज्ञ (तत्पुरुषः) 'knower of feelings'; विशेषणम् त्वया

• कृतज्ञेन: by (you) grateful
• कृतज्ञेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृतज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया (Instr. 3), एकवचन; समासः कृत + ज्ञ (तत्पुरुषः) 'grateful'; विशेषणम् त्वया

• धर्मज्ञेन: by (you) knowing dharma
• धर्मज्ञेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्मज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया (Instr. 3), एकवचन; समासः धर्म + ज्ञ (तत्पुरुषः) 'knower of duty'; विशेषणम् त्वया

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; समुच्चयबोधक

• लक्ष्मण: O Lakṣmaṇa
• लक्ष्मण: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), सम्बोधन (Voc.), एकवचन

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (Instr. 3), एकवचन

• पुत्रेण: by a son
• पुत्रेण: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया (Instr. 3), एकवचन; अपादान/हेतु-भावः (as 'because of having such a son')

• धर्मात्मा: the righteous-souled one
• धर्मात्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom. 1), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः: धर्मः आत्मा यस्य सः = 'righteous-souled' (epithet of पिता)

• न: not
• न: Nishedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; निषेध (negation)

• संवृत्तः: has become; has come to pass
• संवृत्तः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-√वृत् (धातु)
• Form: क्त (PPP used finitely): पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom. 1), एकवचन; 'has become/has happened' (idiomatically 'has not come to pass')

• पिता: father
• पिता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom. 1), एकवचन

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Gen. 6), एकवचन

Context

O Lakshmana! with a son like you who can understand others' feelings, who has a sense of gratitude and a sense of duty my father is not dead yet.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Daśaratha (implied: ‘my father’)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Continuity of dharma through character: a family’s righteousness lives on when the next generation embodies gratitude, empathy, and duty.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma praises Lakṣmaṇa’s virtues and connects them to Daśaratha’s enduring legacy, despite separation and suffering.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Lakṣmaṇa’s bhāvajñatā (empathy), kṛtajñatā (gratitude), and dharmajñatā (moral discernment).