Shloka 24

The Deeds of Cyavana

in the Context of Guru-tirtha Glorification

Devanagari script

गंगा च नर्मदा पुण्या चंद्रभागा सरस्वती । देविका बिंबिका कुब्जा कुंजला मंजुला श्रुता

Transliteration

gaṃgā ca narmadā puṇyā caṃdrabhāgā sarasvatī | devikā biṃbikā kubjā kuṃjalā maṃjulā śrutā

Translation

Священные реки: Ганга (Gaṅgā), Нармада (Narmadā), святая Чандрабхага (Candrabhāgā) и Сарасвати (Sarasvatī); также Девика (Devikā), Бимбика (Bimbikā), Кубджа (Kubjā), Кунджала (Kuñjalā), Манджула (Mañjulā) и Шрута (Śrutā).

Word by Word

• gaṅgā: Gaṅgā
• gaṅgā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय-बोधक)

• narmadā: Narmadā
• narmadā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: narmadā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• puṇyā: holy
• puṇyā: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying narmadā (and/or rivers)

• caṃdrabhāgā: Candrabāgā (river)
• caṃdrabhāgā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caṃdra (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāgā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: caṃdrasya bhāgā), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• sarasvatī: Sarasvatī
• sarasvatī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarasvatī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• devikā: Devikā (river)
• devikā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devikā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• biṃbikā: Biṃbikā (river)
• biṃbikā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: biṃbikā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• kubjā: Kubjā (river)
• kubjā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kubjā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• kuṃjalā: Kuṃjalā (river)
• kuṃjalā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kuṃjalā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• maṃjulā: Maṃjulā (river)
• maṃjulā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maṃjulā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• śrutā: well-known, famed
• śrutā: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √śru (श्रु धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त) used adjectivally, Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st—प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with maṃjulā (or last-mentioned river)

Speaker

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses of Bhūmi-khaṇḍa 90).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: river

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: Mostly a list of proper nouns; no significant sandhi to resolve beyond anusvāra/ṅ assimilation in gaṃgā.

Characters & Entities

• Gaṅgā
• Narmadā
• Candrabhāgā
• Sarasvatī
• Devikā
• Bimbikā
• Kubjā
• Kuñjalā
• Mañjulā
• Śrutā

FAQs

What does this verse reveal about the geography of sacred Tīrthas?

It presents a catalog of revered rivers, indicating that pilgrimage-sacrality in the Bhūmi-khaṇḍa is tied to specific waterways across regions (including major pan-Indian rivers like Gaṅgā and Sarasvatī, and regional rivers such as Candrabhāgā).

How does this verse emphasize the path of Bhakti?

Indirectly: by naming rivers as puṇyā (holy), it supports devotional practice through tīrtha-yātrā and ritual bathing, common expressions of reverence that often accompany bhakti-oriented worship.

What is the ethical lesson from this dialogue?

The verse promotes the value of seeking purification and merit through engagement with sacred spaces—encouraging reverence, restraint, and a disciplined religious life associated with pilgrimage and holy observances.