Shloka 4

Instruction on Dharma and Truth as Viṣṇu’s Own Nature

with Teaching on Impermanence and Detachment

Devanagari script

एवं ज्ञात्वा शमं गच्छ क्लैब्यं मा भज सुप्रिये । अयमेव परं ब्रह्म अयमेव सनातनः

Transliteration

evaṃ jñātvā śamaṃ gaccha klaibyaṃ mā bhaja supriye | ayameva paraṃ brahma ayameva sanātanaḥ

Translation

Познав это, войди в умиротворение; не прибегай к малодушию, о возлюбленная. Он один — Высший Брахман; Он один — Вечный.

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Kriya-viseshana (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of manner)

• ज्ञात्वा: having known
• ज्ञात्वा: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive), ‘having known’

• शमम्: peace, calm
• शमम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन (Singular)

• गच्छ: go, attain
• गच्छ: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative/लोट्), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• क्लैब्यम्: cowardice, impotence
• क्लैब्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्लैब्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन (Singular)

• मा: do not
• मा: Negation (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (prohibitive particle used with imperative)

• भज: resort to, partake of
• भज: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भज् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative/लोट्), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• सुप्रिये: O beloved
• सुप्रिये: Sambodhana (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन (Singular)

• अयम्: this (one)
• अयम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular)

• एव: indeed, alone
• एव: Emphasis (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• परम्: supreme
• परम्: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषणम् ‘ब्रह्म’ इत्यस्य

• ब्रह्म: Brahman, the Absolute
• ब्रह्म: Pratijna/Predicate (विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); अत्र विधेय (predicate nominative)

• अयम्: this (one)
• अयम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• एव: indeed
• एव: Emphasis (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय

• सनातनः: eternal
• सनातनः: Predicate adjective (विधेय-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सनातन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular); विधेयविशेषणम्

Speaker

Unspecified (context-dependent; a consoling/admonishing voice addressing a beloved)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: अयमेव = अयम् + एव (twice).

Characters & Entities

• Brahman

FAQs

What is the main teaching of this verse?

It urges inner calm and courage, grounding the listener in the assurance that the Supreme Reality (paraṃ brahma) is eternal (sanātanaḥ).

How does this verse relate to Vedāntic ideas?

By identifying the ultimate support as paraṃ brahma and sanātanaḥ, it echoes Vedānta’s emphasis on Brahman as the highest, unchanging reality.

What ethical lesson does the verse give?

Do not give in to faint-heartedness; cultivate steadiness (śama) and strength rooted in trust in the eternal divine principle.