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Shloka 78

The Tale of Sukalā: Testing Pativratā Fidelity and the Body-as-House Teaching

यथा जीर्णं गृहं याति केनासौ पुरुषो बली । यस्यार्थमागता दूति भवती केन शंसति

yathā jīrṇaṃ gṛhaṃ yāti kenāsau puruṣo balī | yasyārthamāgatā dūti bhavatī kena śaṃsati

Как ушёл тот могучий муж, словно в ветхий, разваливающийся дом? Ради чьего дела ты пришла сюда вестницей, и кого называешь причиной?

यथाjust as
यथा:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारवाचक (indeclinable; as)
जीर्णम्decayed
जीर्णम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootjīrṇa (कृदन्त; √jṝ/जॄ)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त (neuter nom/acc sg; past participle)
गृहम्house
गृहम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter nom/acc sg)
यातिgoes
याति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√yā (धाातु)
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (present, 3rd sg)
केनby whom? by what?
केन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन (instrumental sg)
असौthat (person)
असौ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootadas (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (masc nom sg; demonstrative pronoun)
पुरुषःman; person
पुरुषः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (masc nom sg)
बलीstrong
बली:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbalin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (masc nom sg; i-stem adjective)
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन (genitive sg; relative pronoun)
अर्थम्purpose; matter
अर्थम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootartha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (masc acc sg)
आगतāhaving come
आगतā:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootā-√gam (कृदन्त; √gam ‘to go/come’)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त (fem nom sg; ‘having come’)
दूतिfemale messenger
दूति:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdūtī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (fem nom sg)
भवतीyou (lady)
भवती:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhavatī (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक; honorific 2nd person)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (fem nom sg; honorific ‘you’)
केनby whom?
केन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन (instrumental sg)
शंसतिtells; declares; praises
शंसति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√śaṃs (धाातु)
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (present, 3rd sg)

Unspecified (dialogue speaker not identified from the single verse excerpt)

Concept: Human strength and status are unstable; inquiry into motives and causes is necessary before acting on messages or desires.

Application: Verify intentions behind advice or invitations; practice restraint and discernment, especially in emotionally charged situations.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A messenger stands at a threshold, half-lit, as the questioner leans forward demanding whose purpose she serves. The background shows a shadowy corridor like a ‘dilapidated house,’ visually echoing the verse’s simile and the uncertainty around the ‘mighty man’ who has gone away.","primary_figures":["dūti (female messenger)","questioning male figure (courtly/heroic)"],"setting":"palace gateway with long corridor, worn plaster, and a distant courtyard","lighting_mood":"forest dappled","color_palette":["indigo shadow","bronze","dust beige","olive green","torch orange"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: dramatic palace-threshold interrogation—heroic man questioning a dūti, corridor rendered with textured decay; gold leaf on jewelry and architectural borders, rich reds/greens, expressive hand gestures, narrative clarity with ornate framing.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: refined court scene with subtle tension—messenger at doorway, questioner seated, long corridor receding; delicate brushwork, cool palette, lyrical architecture, nuanced facial expressions.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlined figures in a palace passage, dūti centered, questioner gesturing; stylized ‘old house’ motif in background, natural pigments, temple-wall narrative panel feel.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: narrative vignette framed by lotus and floral borders; central corridor motif like a fading mandala, side figures of dūti and questioner; deep blues and gold, intricate ornamentation, symbolic storytelling."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Desh","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["footsteps in corridor","distant conch","soft drum pulse","brief silence after questions"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: केनासौ = केन + असौ; यस्यार्थमागता = यस्य + अर्थम् + आगता.

FAQs

A speaker questions a female messenger about a powerful man’s departure and asks on whose behalf she has come and whom she cites as responsible.

It suggests a troubling, undesirable, or ominous departure—leaving in a manner associated with decay or misfortune.

It underscores accountability and clarity: the speaker demands to know motives, agency, and responsibility rather than accepting events at face value.