Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 110

The Birth of King Pṛthu: Vena’s Fall, the Sages’ Churning, and Earth’s Surrender

मया विना महाराज कथं धारयसे प्रजाः । अहं यदास्थिरा राजंस्तदा लोकाश्चराचराः

mayā vinā mahārāja kathaṃ dhārayase prajāḥ | ahaṃ yadāsthirā rājaṃstadā lokāścarācarāḥ

О великий царь, как ты сможешь поддерживать своих подданных без меня? Когда я становлюсь неустойчивой, о царь, тогда миры — движущиеся и неподвижные — приходят в смятение.

मयाwithout me (lit. by me)
मया:
करण (Karana/Instrument; with विना ‘without me’)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (singular), तृतीया विभक्ति (instrumental)
विनाwithout
विना:
सम्बन्ध (Relational marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविना (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्गसदृश अव्यय/निपात (prepositional indeclinable), ‘without’; governs तृतीया (instrumental)
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
सम्बोधन (Sambodhana/Vocative address)
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज (प्रातिपदिक: महा + राजन्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), संबोधन विभक्ति (vocative), एकवचन (singular)
कथम्how
कथम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नवाचक अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
धारयसेdo you sustain/hold
धारयसे:
क्रिया (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootधृ (धातु) → धारय (णिच् causative stem) + से
Formलट् लकार (present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (singular), आत्मनेपद; णिजन्त (causative) प्रयोगः
प्रजाःsubjects, creatures
प्रजाः:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (accusative), बहुवचन (plural)
अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (singular), प्रथमा विभक्ति (nominative)
यदाwhen
यदा:
कालाधिकरण (Temporal marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formसम्बन्धबोधक अव्यय (correlative temporal adverb) ‘when’
अस्थिराunstable
अस्थिरा:
समानााधिकरण (Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ + स्थिर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनञ्-निषेध (negated), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (nominative), एकवचन (singular); विशेषण to अहम् (speaker as Earth)
राजन्O king
राजन्:
सम्बोधन (Sambodhana/Vocative address)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), संबोधन विभक्ति (vocative), एकवचन (singular)
तदाthen
तदा:
कालाधिकरण (Temporal marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formसम्बद्धकालवाचक अव्यय (correlative temporal adverb) ‘then’
लोकाःworlds/people
लोकाः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject) of implied ‘(become) unstable/are disturbed’
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (nominative), बहुवचन (plural)
चर-अचराःmoving and unmoving (beings)
चर-अचराः:
विशेषण (Adjectival qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootचर (प्रातिपदिक) + अचर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्वसमास (copulative), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (nominative), बहुवचन (plural); विशेषण to लोकाः

Uncertain from single-verse context (likely a personified principle addressing a king, e.g., Earth/Prithvī or Śrī/Lakṣmī speaking to the king).

Concept: Kingship and social order depend on the sustaining principle (Bhū/Śrī/śakti); when that support becomes unstable, the entire cosmos wavers.

Application: Governance and personal life require honoring the ‘support systems’—land, ecology, food sources, and social care; stability is maintained through restraint, protection, and gratitude.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: celestial_realm

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"Bhū-devī rises in luminous personified form from the ground before a startled yet reverent king, her body adorned with sprouting grains, mountains as ornaments, and oceans as a girdle. As she speaks, the horizon subtly tilts—trees lean, animals pause mid-step—showing the cosmos trembling when her steadiness falters.","primary_figures":["Bhū-devī (Earth goddess)","a great king (mahārāja)","attendant sages/counsellors"],"setting":"a royal terrace overlooking fields and distant mountains, with the earth itself opening into a divine epiphany","lighting_mood":"divine radiance","color_palette":["earth ochre","emerald green","ocean teal","cloud white","sunlit gold"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: Bhū-devī emerging with a gold-leaf halo, richly ornamented, holding a sheaf of grain and a lotus, the king in regal attire offering añjali, stylized mountains and rivers as decorative motifs, heavy gold embellishment, deep reds/greens, gem-like detailing, South Indian iconographic symmetry.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: lyrical landscape with terraced fields, distant blue hills, Bhū-devī appearing gracefully with delicate jewelry, the king and ministers in fine textiles, subtle sense of the world ‘tilting’ through angled trees and drifting clouds, cool mountain palette and refined faces.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: monumental Bhū-devī with bold outlines and large expressive eyes, patterned earth-toned garments, the king in profile, rhythmic vegetal motifs (grains, vines) filling the background, temple-wall aesthetic with red/yellow/green pigments.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: Bhū-devī framed by lotus borders and floral creepers, symmetrical composition with the king below, peacocks and cows paused in reverence, deep blue-green ground with gold highlights, intricate textile-like ornamentation suggesting the earth’s abundance."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Durga","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["distant thunder","wind through trees","low temple drum","conch shell"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: यदास्थिरा = यदा अस्थिरा; राजंस्तदा = राजन् तदा; लोकाश्चराचराः = लोकाः चराचराः (चराचराः = चर-अचराः द्वन्द्व).

FAQs

It links good governance (sustaining the prajā) with a stabilizing principle that supports the world; when that support becomes unstable, the entire cosmos—moving and unmoving—suffers.

From the verse alone it is not explicit; it reads like a personified sustaining power (often interpreted in Purāṇic style as Earth/Prithvī, Śrī/Lakṣmī, or another cosmic support) addressing a king.

A ruler’s ability to protect and sustain people depends on upholding the foundational supports of dharma and stability; neglecting them produces widespread disorder.