Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 6

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

ङेभ्यांभ्यसश्चतुर्थो स्यात्संप्रदाने च कारके । यस्मै दित्सा धारयेद्वै रोचते संप्रदानकम् ॥ ६ ॥

Transliteration

ṅebhyāṃbhyasaścaturtho syātsaṃpradāne ca kārake | yasmai ditsā dhārayedvai rocate saṃpradānakam || 6 ||

Translation

Четвёртый падеж (dative) выражается окончаниями ṅe, bhyām и bhyas и употребляется для kāraka, называемого sampradāna (получатель). Тот, кому намерены дать, или ради кого предпринимают действие, именуется sampradāna.

Word by Word

• ङे: ‘-e’ (dative singular ending)
• ङे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ङे (प्रत्याहार/प्रत्यय-सूचक)
• Form: विभक्ति-प्रत्यय-सूचक अव्यय: चतुर्थी-एकवचन प्रत्ययः ‘-e’ (ङे)

• भ्याम्: ‘-bhyām’ (dative dual ending)
• भ्याम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भ्याम् (प्रत्याहार/प्रत्यय-सूचक)
• Form: विभक्ति-प्रत्यय-सूचक अव्यय: चतुर्थी-द्विवचन प्रत्ययः ‘-bhyām’

• भ्यस्: ‘-bhyas’ (dative plural ending)
• भ्यस्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भ्यस् (प्रत्याहार/प्रत्यय-सूचक)
• Form: विभक्ति-प्रत्यय-सूचक अव्यय: चतुर्थी-बहुवचन प्रत्ययः ‘-bhyas’

• चतुर्थः: the dative (fourth case)
• चतुर्थः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विभक्ति-नाम (4th case)

• स्यात्: should be
• स्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• संप्रदाने: in the recipient (sampradāna)
• संप्रदाने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संप्रदान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अधिकरण ‘in the recipient-function’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• कारके: in the kāraka-role
• कारके: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; अधिकरण ‘in the kāraka (semantic role)’

• यस्मै: to whom
• यस्मै: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन; संप्रदान-निर्देश ‘to whom’

• दित्सा: the wish to give
• दित्सा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दा (धातु) → दित्सा (कृदन्त)
• Form: इच्छार्थक-नामधातु/कृदन्त (desiderative noun) from √दा ‘to give’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘desire to give’

• धारयेत्: should entertain/hold
• धारयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘should hold/entertain’

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक/खल्वर्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• रोचते: is pleasing
• रोचते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुच् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; ‘pleases/is pleasing’

• संप्रदानकम्: recipient (sampradāna)
• संप्रदानकम्: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संप्रदानक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; predicate-noun ‘(that) is sampradāna’

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames correct Sanskrit usage as part of Vedāṅga discipline—precision in speech supports accurate understanding, teaching, and dharmic practice, which ultimately aids mokṣa-oriented study.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: by clarifying the ‘recipient’ sense, it helps devotees express offerings and intentions correctly (e.g., ‘unto Vishnu’), strengthening clarity of surrender and dedication in devotional language.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa (grammar): it defines caturthī vibhakti (dative) via ṅe/bhyām/bhyas and explains the sampradāna kāraka—who receives or benefits from giving or an intended act.