Shloka 19
गवां लोकवर्णनं तथा गोप्रदानफलश्रुतिः
Description of the ‘World of Cows’ and the Stated Fruits of Cow-Gift
कल्मषं गुरुशुश्रूषा हन्ति मानो महद् यश: । अपुत्रतां त्रय: पुत्रा अवृत्तिं दश धेनव:
kalmaṣaṁ guruśuśrūṣā hanti māno mahad yaśaḥ | aputratāṁ trayaḥ putrā avṛttiṁ daśa dhenavaḥ ||
Бхишма сказал: «Служение и внимательное послушание старшим и учителям уничтожают нравственную скверну и грех. Но гордыня губит даже великую славу. Говорят, что три сына снимают беду бездетности, а десять дойных коров устраняют тяготу отсутствия средств к жизни; потому смирение и должное служение восхваляются как опора и для добродетели, и для мирской устойчивости».
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhīṣma teaches that humble service to elders/teachers purifies one’s conduct and removes sin, while pride undermines even established fame. He also notes traditional markers of household security: sons for continuity of lineage and cows for sustaining livelihood—implying that dharmic life rests on humility, duty, and stable means.
In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma continues instructing Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma from his bed of arrows. Here he offers concise, proverbial guidance: praising service to gurus, warning against pride, and describing conventional supports of a householder’s life (sons and cattle) as remedies for social and economic vulnerability.