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Agni Purana — Veda-vidhana & Vamsha, Shloka 4

Sāma-vidhāna

Procedure of the Sāman Hymns

सर्वपापहरं ज्ञेयं परितोयञ्च तासु च अविक्रेयञ्च विक्रीय जपेद्घृतवतीति च आयुष्यञ्च गणं हुत्वा अपमृत्युं व्यपोहति स्वस्तिमाप्नोति सर्वत्र हुत्वा स्वस्त्ययनङ्गणं

sarvapāpaharaṃ jñeyaṃ paritoyañca tāsu ca avikreyañca vikrīya japedghṛtavatīti ca āyuṣyañca gaṇaṃ hutvā apamṛtyuṃ vyapohati svastimāpnoti sarvatra hutvā svastyayanaṅgaṇaṃ

Следует знать это как устраняющее все грехи; и среди тех (обрядов/мантр) есть также формула «Паритоя». Раздав в дар то, что не должно продаваться (авикрея), следует читать «Гхритавати». Совершая возлияния для Аюшья-ганы, человек отвращает преждевременную смерть (апамритью); и, совершая повсюду возлияния для Свастьяяна-ганы, обретает благополучие во всех местах.

sarva-pāpa-haramremoving all sins
sarva-pāpa-haram:
Pradhāna-viśeṣaṇa (प्रधान-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva+pāpa+hara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st), Singular; tatpuruṣa ‘remover of all sins’; predicate with jñeyam
jñeyamshould be known
jñeyam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootjñeya (कृदन्त; √jñā)
FormGerundive (तव्यत्/य), Neuter, Nominative (1st), Singular; ‘to be known’
paritoyamParitoya (name)
paritoyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootparitoya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; mantra/gaṇa name (uncertain)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
tāsuin those
tāsu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative (7th), Plural; pronoun ‘in those (mantras/sections)’
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
avikreyamAvikreya (not-for-sale; name)
avikreyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Roota+vikreya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; ‘not to be sold’ (name/epithet)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
vikrīyahaving sold
vikrīya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi+krī (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), indeclinable; ‘having sold’ (contextual/ritual usage; text difficult)
japetshould recite
japet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootjap (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person, Singular
ghṛtavatī‘Ghṛtavatī’ (mantra)
ghṛtavatī:
Karta (कर्ता/नाम)
TypeNoun
Rootghṛtavatī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st), Singular; mantra-name/incipit
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, quotative marker
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
āyuṣyamlife-promoting
āyuṣyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootāyuṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; qualifies ‘gaṇam’
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
gaṇamset (of mantras)
gaṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular
hutvāhaving offered
hutvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roothu (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा)
apa-mṛtyumuntimely death
apa-mṛtyum:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootapa+mṛtyu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular; tatpuruṣa ‘untimely death’
vyapohatiremoves
vyapohati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi+apa+ūh (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person, Singular
svastimwell-being
svastim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsvasti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd), Singular
āpnotiattains
āpnoti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootāp (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person, Singular
sarvatraeverywhere
sarvatra:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsarvatra (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb
hutvāhaving offered
hutvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Roothu (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा)
svasti-ayanamSvastyayana (well-being rite)
svasti-ayanam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootsvasti+ayana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular; tatpuruṣa ‘path/means to well-being’; used as qualifier of gaṇa
gaṇamset (of mantras)
gaṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular

Lord Agni (in discourse to sage Vasiṣṭha, as customary in Agni Purana narration)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Dharmashastra","secondary_vidya":"Mantra","practical_application":"Combine ethical injunction (do not sell what is unsellable; instead give in dāna) with mantra-japa and gaṇa-homa for longevity, avoidance of untimely death, and universal auspiciousness.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Procedure","entry_title":"Āyuṣya and Svastyayana gaṇa-homa; Ghṛtavatī-japa with dāna-niyama","lookup_keywords":["Ghṛtavatī","Āyuṣya gaṇa","Svastyayana gaṇa","apamṛtyu","avikreya dāna"],"quick_summary":"Practice dāna in place of improper sale, recite ‘Ghṛtavatī’, and offer to Āyuṣya and Svastyayana gaṇas to avert apamṛtyu and secure well-being everywhere."}

Concept: Auspicious outcomes depend on both ritual correctness and ethical purity (dāna/avoidance of improper commerce).

Application: Pair protective rites with livelihood-ethics: redirect prohibited sale into charitable giving; maintain maṅgala conduct alongside homa.

Khanda Section: Puja-vidhi / Homa-vidhi (Mantra-japa and protective oblations)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: dharmya

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A householder performs a homa for longevity: offerings labeled Āyuṣya and Svastyayana; a parallel vignette shows giving in charity what should not be sold; the mantra ‘Ghṛtavatī’ is recited with a ghee vessel prominent.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural: domestic-ritual courtyard with homa fire, ghee pot highlighted; donor giving cloth/grain to a brāhmaṇa; inscriptions ‘Āyuṣya’ and ‘Svastyayana’; serene auspicious mood.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore: gold-embellished ghee vessel and altar; donor figure with offering tray; auspicious symbols (śrīvatsa, kalasha) around; rich ornamental framing.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore: stepwise instructional scene—(1) dāna, (2) Ghṛtavatī-japa, (3) Āyuṣya homa, (4) Svastyayana homa—clean labels and precise implements.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature: refined interior with homa in a small brazier, donor distributing alms; delicate calligraphy for ‘Ghṛtavatī’; attendants and ritual vessels rendered in detail."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"devotional","suggested_raga":"Shree","pace":"slow","voice_tone":"contemplative"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: japedghṛtavatīti = japet + ghṛtavatī + iti; svastimāpnoti = svastim + āpnoti; svastyayanaṅgaṇaṃ = svastyayanaṃ + gaṇam.

Related Themes: Agni Purana: dāna and dharma topics (where present); Agni Purana: śānti-kalpa/āyuṣya prayoga passages

A
Agni
Ā
Āyuṣya-gaṇa
S
Svastyayana-gaṇa
G
Ghṛtavatī (mantra/formula)
P
Paritoya (mantra/formula)

FAQs

It prescribes specific mantra-japa and homa applications—reciting ‘Ghṛtavatī’, and offering Āyuṣya- and Svastyayana-gaṇas—to purify sin, secure welfare, and avert apamṛtyu (untimely death).

It exemplifies the text’s practical ritual manual aspect by cataloging named formulas (e.g., Paritoya, Ghṛtavatī) and their applied results (purification, longevity, protection), alongside ethical-economic guidance (what should not be sold, but treated as a gift).

The verse frames homa and japa as karmic purification (sarvapāpahara) and as protective merit that stabilizes life-force (āyuṣya) and wards off premature death, yielding sustained auspiciousness (svasti) in all circumstances.